LÖNNBERG, ON THE GEOGK. RACES OF RED DEER IN SCANDIN. 13 



portion of the skull two agree with the corresponding ones 

 of norwegian hinds viz. the distance from the anterior tip of 

 the premaxillary to the orbit, 187 mm., and tlie height of 

 the maxillary above the foremost premolar 55 mm. The 

 height of the maxillary above the foremost molar 39 mm., 

 was of intermediate size but the width of the skull just be- 

 hind the premaxillaries 56 mm. was more similar to that of 

 swedish hinds. The zygomatic width at the posteri or end of 

 the jugale 135 mm. was also as large as in same of the 

 latter and the same could also be said about the distance 

 from the lower orbital brim to the last molar. As far as 

 could be concluded from this single specimen the dimensions 

 agree pretty well with those of the scotch deer. Both are 

 small-headed and short-nosed, with small antorbital vacuities 

 and large foramina supraorbitalia as the norwegian deer but 

 otherwise not so slender as that race. Whether there are 

 to be found any other important differences between the 

 irish and scotch deer cannot be decided upon with the aid 

 of this scanty material alone. 



The irish red deer has the caudal disk distinctly border- 

 ed by black as I had the opportunity to state on a mounted 

 specimen the in museum of Dublin last summer. 



At the same opportunity I saw a skull of a red deer 

 from an irish peatbog and that specimen had very long and 

 narrow nasals the breadth of which were contained 3 \/r, times 

 in their length. 



Through my friend Professor Dr. P. Matschie I have 

 had the pleasure of seeing and measuring skulls of several 

 red deer from Germany. The material has, however, not 

 been so rich so that I dåre to base thereupon any decisive 

 judgement as to the distribution of different races. A few 

 notes might nevertheless be worth quoting. Adult skulls 

 from Mark Brandenburg are large^^ than such from Wurtem- 

 berg. Both rar^es have comparati^iely narrow nasals so that 

 their breadth is contained resp. 2 ^/.., 3 and 3 ^h, times in 

 their length in the deer from Brandenburg, 2 -'U, 3 and 3 ^/t 

 times in the deer from Wurtemberg. The nasals are well 

 visible even at their anterior end in both races when seen 

 from the side. The upper molar series is about 10 mm. 

 shorter in the deer from Wurtemburg in correspondence with 

 the smaller size of the whole skull. The antorbital vacuity 



