PHANEKOOAMIA. 95 



trag zu der Abhandlg. iib. Parthenogenesis bei Pflanzen. 6 plates. 

 4to. Berlin, 1860. (Berl. Abh., 1859). 



and C. Bottche. — Index Seminum in Horto Bot. Berolinensi, 



1858. Ann. des Sc. Nat. Ser. iv., tom. xii„ p. 380. 



Btjchenatt, F. — Die Sprossverhaltnisse von TTlex. — Flora, 1860, p. 

 449-56. 



Bunge, Alex, de — Letter from, to M. Decaisne. Bull. Soc. Bot. de 

 France, tom. vii. p. 29, 30. 



This letter is in reply to one addressed to M. Bunge, prior to his 

 departure for Persia, by M. Decaisne, directing his attention to the 

 investigation of original sources of certain economic plants and pro- 

 ducts, the collecting of seeds, occurrence oiChamcerops and the Date 

 Palm in Persia, &c. M. Bunge, in reply states — 1. That he was 

 unable to learn anything as to the origin of cereals. 2. The Melon 

 was not indigenous in those parts of Persia which he visited. A 

 Bryonia was the only Cucurbitacea. 3. He did not observe the 

 Horse Chesnut (JEseulus Hippocastanum), either wild or in cultiva- 

 tion. Pinus and Abies were absent. Platanus orientalis was not 

 met with in the wild state. 4. The Persian Lilac, Apricot, and Peach, 

 were not found wild, neither was any species of Lilium, or Quercus 

 mannifera. 5. The date occurred only at Teber — in autumn, laden 

 with fruit — and at Chabbis, in spring, in full flower. The dates 

 were quite ripe at Teber by the end of October. No other palms 

 were met with. 



Bueeall, Ed. — Laboratoire de Botanique a la Faculte des Sciences de 

 Paris. A Letter to Count Jaubert. — Bull. Soc. Bot. de France, tom. 

 vii., p. 5-8. 



Cartjel, F. — Observations sur la nature et 1'origine de la pulpe qui en- 

 toure les graines dans certains Fruits. — Ann. Sc. Nat. (Bot.), Ser. iv., 

 tom. xii., p. 72-7. 



The author traces the development of pulp in the fruit of various 

 species belonging to the following orders, viz. Cucurbitaceae, Solana- 

 ceae, Ericaceae (Arbutus unedo), Cappariclaceae, Aurantiaceae, Cacta- 

 ceae, Aroideae. In most Cucurbitaceae the tissue of the recurved parie- 

 tal placentas interposes itself between the ovules, which it encloses in 

 distinct cavities. "With maturation of the fruit, this placentary cellu- 

 lar tissue becomes the pulp of varying consistence, in which the seeds 

 are usually found to be embedded. In Momordica the placental tissue 

 becomes spongy and orange-coloured ; the layer surrounding each seed 

 ultimately separates from the rest of the tissue, and forms around it a 

 distinct closed envelope. Similar arilloid sacs envelope the seeds in 

 Trichosanthes anguina, Bryonia verrucosa, and, perhaps, Joliffia 

 Africana {Telfairia pedata, Ilk). In Solanaceae, after flowering, the 

 folds of the endocarp advance towards the interior of the young fruit, 

 eventually uniting with the placentas ; at the same time, being inter- 

 posed between the seeds, they form for each of them a separate niche. 

 In the Tomato (as also in Arbutus unedo), the expansions of tissue sur- 

 rounding the seeds are due to prolongations from the placentas. In 



