208 OBIGINAL AETICLES. 



The state of emaciation in which this child is reported to have died 

 makes it the fairer to take it as a standard in this comparison. The 

 child's dentition may very well have been in the same state as that of our 

 orang ; its age, however, was in all likelihood much further advanced ; 

 but as the brain would have been growing rapidly during those years, 

 whilst the weight of the body was not increased proportionally, the 

 excess of years may not in reality have caused in this case any dimi- 

 nution in the relative disproportion of the child's brain to its body, as 

 it does in cases of healthy development. 



On the other hand, we must recollect that the proportion subsisting 

 between the adult brain in man and the body has been put as low as 

 1 : 50 ;* and that though this proportion is lower by as much as 15 

 than most authorities would rate it, some such disproportion must have 

 prevailed in those cases in which the brain of an adult Negro is recorded 

 as reaching no greater weight than 753 grammesf or 1 lb. 10.59 oz. 



The weight of the body of a nearly adult female chimpanzee is 

 given by Professors Sharpey and Ellis, on the authority of Professor 

 Owen, as 61 lb. The relation of weight between such a body and the 

 brain of our orang which weighed 12 oz. would be 1 : 8 1.3. J 



Let us suppose that the Negro, the weight of whose brain, as given 

 byTiedemann, amounted to no more than 26 oz., weighed altogether as 

 much as 8 stone, or 1792 oz. The proportion between his brain's weight 

 and his body's would then have stood as 1 : 68.9, as against a propor- 

 tion taken between analogous weights in the apes of 1 : 81.3. It will 

 be seen from this that the absolute weight of the human brain is a more 

 sharply differentiating characteristic than is its relative weight. 



It will be convenient to give the following measurements and their 

 mutual relations in a tabular form, using, for the sake of economy of 

 space, the letters of the alphabet to denote each particular measure- 

 ment : — 



a. The length from the root of the olfactory nerve to the anterior 

 extremity of the brain. 



b. The length from the point of the middle lobe to the posterior 

 extremity of the brain. 



c. The length of the cerebellum. 



d. The breadth of the cerebellum. 



e. Length of cerebral hemispheres. 

 /. Length of corpus callosum. 



In Orang = If inch. : 2| inch. = 1 : 1-64. 



b I In Man = 2£ inch. : 5£ inch. = 1 : 1-95. 



In Chimpanzee§ = 44 mm. : 69 mm. =1 : 1/56. 



* Huschke, 1. c, p. 60. 



f Tiedemann, citt. Huschke, p. 73. 



t Quain's Anatomy, bv Sharpey and Elite, vol. ii., 433, note. 18o6. 



§ Schrceder van der Kolk et Vrolik, citt. Nat. Hist. Review, No. I., p. 80. 



