62 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



tions as the Argenson of Daiidet, the Jack of Zola, and the Eliza of 

 Goncourt find, if not an immediate, a kindly and ready acceptance — 

 while all the great artists, even the most ancient ones, have given the 

 type which I assign to the born delinquents to executioners and 

 criminals — the world has refused to accept the existence of the crimi- 

 nal type of insanity in genius, and the relations in criminals between 

 epilepsy and crime which are nevertheless received in romance and 

 the drama. It is because when we are in the presence of true figures, 

 made to move before us under a strong light by the great artists, the 

 consciousness of the truth which lies dormant in all of us, smothered 

 and broken under distortion by the schools, reawakens, and rebels 

 against the conventional forms which they have imposed ; all the more 

 so because the charm of art has vastly magnified the lines of the truth, 

 has rendered them more evident, and has thus much diminished the 

 effort required to master them. If, on the other hand, we base our 

 conclusion upon cold statistics and what I should call a skeleton study 

 of the facts, we find the old views rising in confusion with those of 

 sentiment and the artistic sense, and we arrive at nothing. 



COLONIAL EXPANSION AND FOREIGN TRADE. , 



By JACOB SCIIOENHOF. 



FIFTY years have elapsed since the adoption of free trade by 

 England. It was hoped that the free entrance of commodities 

 extended to all the world would pave the way to an era of mutual 

 peace and good will. But, judging by the political situation, and 

 taking the armaments as an outward sign of good intentions, the era 

 of peace and good will among nations is certainly far off. To get a 

 trading advantage here and a concession from a semibarbarous coun- 

 try there is still the ambitious striving of the cabinets and the diplo- 

 macy of Europe. To give the striving emphasis, industry is taxed 

 to the breaking point and labor to the starving point. Russia ex- 

 hausts her resources in a railroad through the Siberian waste in her 

 endeavor to obtain an outlet to the sea, which is jealously closed to 

 her at the southwestern end of her dominions by England; The 

 trader of Manchester, fearing for his markets, grows frantic at the 

 prospect of Russian cotton goods being brought to China or to India. 

 The mere acquisition of a port in Manchuria by Russia threatens to 

 seal his doom. But he might look on with complacency. Russia's 

 labor is very dear, capital is dear, wages are on the Asiatic level, 

 famine still stalks through the land, intercommunication is made 

 difficult by the lack of roads, and her wonderful natural resources 



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