672 SCIENCE PROGRESS 



subjects was founded in Cambridge, we offered it first (I understand) to Schaudinn, 

 probably because he was not an Englishman and was a zoologist — though the 

 whole subject had been founded on the labours of Englishmen who were not 

 zoologists. So the world goes. I am beginning to think that almost all big 

 scientific work is done by amateurs, or at least by men who were amateurs when 

 they did the work ; and that professional scientists write the text-books and obtain 

 the credit ! But I mention all this old matter now in Science Progress (as I 

 have mentioned the matter in the previous note) only in order to indicate some of 

 the troubles which attend scientific research— and I have no longer any personal 

 interest whatever in the subject. 



Pamphlets and Periodicals 



The newspapers of to-day everywhere reflect the dawn of a better industrial 

 era and a probable solution of the difficult problem of Capital and Labour. The 

 equal rights of both are championed by Sir William Lever in his addresses at 

 Manchester, October 20, 1916, and Liverpool, November 8, ic.i6,and are discussed 

 by the Australian Manufacturer in an article entitled "About Strikes and 

 Industrial Unrest" (November 25), which gives a similar scheme for the 

 harmonising of these conflicting forces. But Sir William Lever takes a more 

 comprehensive view of the situation, and his ideas of " prosperity sharing " for 

 both parties are worked out in fuller detail. The article " Facing the Man 

 Problem" in the same issue of the Australian Manujacturer treats the subject 

 from a rather different side, and outlines a practical method of raising the 

 standard of human efficiency in factories by making it worth the while of 

 the working man to put forth his best efforts. The effect of the lack of 

 application of science to industry in this country is forcibly brought out by the 

 publication {Australian Manufacturer, December 9, 1916) of the result of a 

 British census of production in 1907, and a corresponding census in the United 

 States for 1909. This list covers a wide range of industries and shows that the 

 net produce per worker per week in the United States is in most cases double, and 

 in some more than double, that of our own country. The writer says : " These 

 figures prove beyond all possibility of disputation that the wonderful expansion of 

 trade in America and the wonderful prosperity of that country are due mainly to 

 the fact that science, invention, and organisation have been drastically applied to 

 industry, with the result that labour has become more productive." The subject of 

 Science and Industry receives attention in the Scientific Australian (December 

 1916), which advises a Central Laboratory subsidised by manufacturers to ensure 

 the maximum output of the chemist's knowledge together with secrecy for the 

 manufacturer in regard to his particular trade processes, and gives an account of 

 the work done on these lines at the Mellon Institute— work which has had 

 successful results. That other branches of science still await full recognition 

 is shown by the following exerpt from Prof. T. Brailsford Robertson's article on 

 " The Strategics of Scientific Investigation " in the Scientific Monthly of December 

 1916 : " When the master-investigator of all time, Michael Faraday, ventured . . . 

 to apply to Government for a minute fraction of the recognition to which his 

 incalculable services had entitled him, he was received by Lord Melbourne with 

 the epithet 'humbug.' In 1914, when one of the greatest medical investigators of 

 our day preferred a similar request to Government, his plea was received by the 

 official overlords with the silent contempt of utter indifference." The article also 

 puts in a plea for scientific researcher se to counteract the tendency of the State 



