THE HABITS AND HISTORY OF CENTENARIANS. 629 



daily half a mile, can walk three miles," another is " fond of sawing fire- 

 wood ; " two still work, one of these " attended Hexham market, two 

 years ago " ; one " worked in a field at 102 " ; one was " much out." 



Smokes. — Forty-five returns ; much, 7 ; four of these were women ; 

 little, 2 ; one was a woman ; moderate, 3 ; one was a woman ; none, 

 32 ; chews, 1. 



Snuff. — Forty returns ; none, 37 ; much, 1 ; this a woman who 

 also smoked a little ; little, 2, one being a woman, who did not smoke, 

 the other a man, who smoked a littls. 



Sleep. — Forty-four returns ; good, 32 ; bad, 5 ; moderate, 7 ; 

 Number of Hours. — Twenty-nine returns ; average rather more than 

 8| hours ; 3 slept 12 hours ; 8 slept 10 hours ; 1 slept 4 hours ; and 2 

 slept 6 hours. 



Hour of going to Bed. — Thirty-five returns ; average, about 9 

 o'clock, one retired at 12 o'clock, one at 11, and 5 at 7 o'clock ; 

 7 were bedridden. 



Hour of Rising. — Thirty-five returns ; average, about 8 o'clock ; 

 six rose at 6 o'clock, one at 5 o'clock, nine at 10 o'clock, one at 11 

 o'clock, and one at 4 p. m. 



Chest-Girth in Inspiration. Male. — Six returns ; average, 364 

 inches. Female. — Nine returns ; average, nearly 31 inches. Male 

 and female together, average about 33 inches. 



Chest-Girth in Expiration. Male. — Five returns ; average, 

 about 36 -J- inches. Female. — Seven returns ; average, nearly 30 inches. 

 Male and female together, about 32| inches. 



Elasticity of Rib- Cartilages. Male.— Six returns ; distinct, 1 ; 

 indistinct, 5. Female. — Thirteen returns ; distinct, 5 ; indistinct, 8. 



Pulse. — Twenty-nine returns ; average, 74*75 per minute. In 

 some cases, disease of the heart or lungs was returned, and in others 

 the pulse-rate was unusually high, and the condition of the heart and 

 lungs was not detailed ; excluding these cases, eleven in number, the 

 average becomes 69*70 per minute. Regular, Irregular, Intermittent. 

 — Twenty-eight returns ; R. 24 ; Irr. 1 ; Int. 3. Large, Small, Mod- 

 erate. — Twenty-seven returns ; L. 9 ; S, 17 ; M. 1. Compressible, In- 

 compressible. — Twenty-eight returns ; C. 24 : I. 4. 



Arteries. 3Iale. — Nine returns ; even, 4 ; knotty, 2 ; tortuous 

 and knotty, 1 ; tortuous, visible, and even, 2. Female. — Twenty re- 

 turns ; even, 8 ; tortuous, visible, and knotty, 3 ; visible and tortuous: 

 2 ; tortuous, visible, and even, 1 ; visible and even, 2 ; tortuous and 

 knotty, 1 ; tortuous, 2 ; tortuous and even, 1. 



Arcus Senilis. Male. — Seven returns ; much, 4 ; little, 1 ; ab- 

 sent, 2. Female. — Nineteen returns ; much, 5 ; little, 8 ; absent, 6. 



Respiration. — Twenty-four returns ; average, 24 per minute. Ex- 

 cluding those cases, eleven in number, in which heart or lung disease 

 was returned, or in which the rate of respiration was high, and the 

 condition of the heart and lungs was not mentioned, the average be- 



