CELEBRATED CLOCKS. 647 



as Harland, Timothy Peck, and James Harrison — all of Connecticut. 

 In those days an ordinary house-clock cost sixty or seventy-five dollars 

 without the case, and this was because all of the works were made hy 

 hand. From these few clock-makers has sprung the great clock- 

 making industry which supplies clocks that are sold cheaply, because 

 the various parts are made by machinery. American clocks of this 

 sort go all over the world, and even into the Black Forest ! Fine and 

 delicate astronomical clocks are also made in the United States. We 

 hear of clocks that run in a vacuum, and which wind themselves ; and 

 of large clocks at a central point which drive other clocks all about 

 the city by the force of compressed air. The latter are called pneu- 

 matic clocks. We also read of a magnetic clock which requires no 

 power or force for its running save the magnetism of the earth. 



There are many other clocks of American make that deserve to be 

 mentioned, but we have not space enough to do so. We must be fair 

 toward our own mechanics, by telling of three or four clocks that have 

 been made in the United States. There is one known as the "Colum- 

 bus Clock," because it was made by a citizen of Columbus, Ohio. The 

 maker was only thirty years old when the work was done, and it had 

 taken him eight years to complete it. The clock stands about eighteen 

 feet high by eleven wide. It shows not only the revolution of the 

 earth on its own axis, but also its position in its orbit about the 

 sun. The positions of the other planets in their orbits are also shown. 

 There are miniature models of the signing of the Declaivation of Inde- 

 pendence ; of President Lincoln emancipating the slaves ; and of the 

 Strasburg clock. A wonderful walking-man is also one of the attrac- 

 tions. 



Another American clock was made in Donaldson, Pennsylvania, by 

 a native of Germany, who took seven years to whittle it out of a log. 

 All around and below the dial there are groups of automatic figures. 

 At the top is Napoleon, and the horse that is said to have eaten apple- 

 dumplings. Both Napoleon and the horse (the automatons, I mean) 

 partake of what are supposed to be dumplings. Then we have Captain 

 Jack, chief of the Modocs, who summons his warriors by striking the 

 hours upon a gong. Just below the dial Jonah is being swallowed by 

 the whale, after having been thrown overboard from the vessel. In 

 another part Christ is walking on the water toward a group of disciples 

 that crowd the deck of a ship. Noah's ark, the "good fairy and the 

 poor woman," and several other figures, go through their movements, 

 while a music-box within the case of the clock gives forth appropriate 

 tunes. 



The most remarkable clock in America, if we consider the place in 

 which it was built, is the one that was made by a miner in the Hallen- 

 back colliery, at Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania. This clock was made out 

 of bits of board and iron, and with the roughest tools that can be im- 

 agined. It was made nearly half a mile underground, and it occupied 



