THE NEGRO SINCE THE CIVIL WAR. 39 



feet is the basis of this judgment. We have also to remember that 

 this offense when committed by a negro is through the action of 

 the mob widely published, while if the offender be a white man it 

 is unlikely to be so well known. I therefore hold to the belief that 

 violence to women is not proved to be a crime peculiarly common 

 among the blacks. I am inclined to believe that, on the whole, 

 there is less danger to be apprehended from them in this regard 

 than from an equal body of whites of the like social grade. This 

 matter is one of exceeding importance, for on it may depend the 

 future of the South. It is fit that in considering it men should keep 

 their heads clear. 



In reviewing the condition of the Eu -Africans a third of a cen- 

 tury after the war that gave them their new estate, we have, I 

 think, reason to be satisfied with the results of the change. The 

 change has brought us no distinct economic evils, as shown by the 

 statistics of the industries. The labor of the blacks is quite as pro- 

 ductive as it was while they were slaves. Their moral situation is 

 not evidently worse than it was before they attained the measure 

 of liberty which they now possess. The first step, that which natu- 

 rally caused the most fear, has been taken, the people are free and 

 have not turned their liberty to license. In looking forward, how- 

 ever, we see that only a part of the task has been done. The ne- 

 groes have failed to acquire, save in very small proportion, the 

 capacity for a true political life. It has been found necessary to 

 deprive them of the control they once exercised, to the peril of the 

 States and their own great harm. The question is as to the ways 

 in which they are to be lifted into the safe plane of American citi- 

 zenship. They must be so lifted, or we shall in time see estab- 

 lished in the South a system of serfdom under the control of an 

 oligarchy — a state of affairs in some regards worse than that of 

 slavery, for it will lack the element of personal interest which did 

 much to help the black in the first stages of his life with us. 



Faro II is a dog of fine breed and great intelligence, belonging to one 

 of the artists of La Nature, and has been engaged as an actor in the play 

 of Robinson Crusoe, at one of the theaters in Paris. On the stage his 

 name is Toby, and he knows it, and knows just what he has to do. He has 

 entered into relations with his fellow-actors, and obeys his cue instantly. 

 He does the stage business with strict accuracy, picks up the bird that is 

 shot and takes it to Robinson, looks up bis yams and the vegetable soup and 

 his pipe. He is grieved when Robinson is sad. exults when he is rejoic- 

 ing, and looks after his fellow-actors — the goat, the monkey, and the par- 

 rot — who are not so bright as he. Off the stage he knows nothing of Toby 

 or of Robinson Crusoe, answers to no name but Faro, and recognizes no 

 master but the artist, M. Weisser. 



