BE CENT ADVANCES IN THE POTTERY INDUSTRY. 321 



gases. By this method tiles and architectural terra cotta, as well 

 as enamel brick, enameled when green, and thus requiring only- 

 one firing, are successfully burned without the use of saggers. 

 Mr. Eudaly also constructs a square down-draft kiln on precisely 

 the same principles, but better adapted to the manufacture of 

 common brick, fire-brick, and sewer-pipe in large quantity, the 

 brick-kilns having a capacity of 80,000 to 300,000, the inside ar- 

 rangement being such that the heat can be driven to any part of 

 the kiln without altering the fire in the furnace. Thus all the 

 bricks are burned of equal hardness, a vast improvement over the 

 old-fashioned clamp kilns with open tops. 



With the failure of natural gas supplies in the West, artificial 

 fuel-gas is destined to become the principal agency in the firing 

 of ceramic products. Its ex- 

 treme cheapness and perfect 

 adaptability to the needs of 

 the potter will insure its exten- 

 sive use in the near future. 

 There seems to be no reason 

 to doubt that it will, ere long, 

 supersede wood and coal as a 

 kiln fuel. 



At the last convention of 

 the United States Potters' As- 

 sociation, held in Washington 

 in January, 1891, it was decided 

 to open a Pottery School with 

 the co-oi)eration of the Penn- 

 sylvania Museum and School 

 of Industrial Art, at Philadel- 

 phia, under the efficient man- 

 agement of Prof. L. W. Miller, 

 where designing, modeling, and 



chemistry shall be taught, and the student fully equipped for 

 usefulness as a practical potter and artist artisan. 



American potters have much to learn, but the day is not far 

 distant when, as is the case with other industries, we shall lead 

 the world in this, the oldest and most interesting of the mechan- 

 ical arts. The Columbian Exposition of 1893 will serve as a 

 powerful impetus toward this end, and the World's Fair Commit- 

 tee appointed by the United States Potters' Association, and com- 

 posed of such progressive potters as Messrs. J. N. Taylor, Homer 

 Laughlin, J. H. Brewer, James Moses, E. M. Pearson, D. F. Haynes, 

 and C. E. Brockman, will insure a creditable representation of 

 American goods in this branch of the Exhibition. 



It is true that American manufacturers have excelled the Eng- 



i^OL. XL. — 25 



Fig. 51— The Eudaly Kiln. 



