LITERARY NOTICES. 



131 



the best methods of preventing or counter- 

 acting the injuries of the pests. For this 

 the author has drawn from the investiga- 

 tions of our leading entomologists. He has 

 tried to make the discussions of life-histo- 

 ries and remedies plain and simple. The 

 insects are classified according to the plants 

 or parts of plants on which they ravage — as 

 those affecting, severally, the larger fruits, 

 the smaller fruits, shade trees, ornamental 

 plants, and flowers, vegetables, cereal and 

 forage crops, and domestic animals and the 

 household. Price, $1.25. 



In Los Animales Pardsitos introducidos 

 por el Agiui en el Organismo (London, Burns 

 & Gates) a full account is given by Dr. 

 Rafael Blanchard of the parasitic animals 

 introduced into the organism by water. The 

 work is of convenient size, is neatly printed 

 and abundantly illustrated, and will be of 

 great value to the Spanish readers for whom 

 it is intended. 



Mr. Edward Trcvert, author of several 

 hand-books on electricity, batteries, and 

 dynamos, has prepared a manual on Elcc- 

 tricitif and its Applicatiojis, which is pub- 

 lished at Lynn, Mass., by the Rubier Pub- 

 lishing Company (price, $2). It is written to 

 supply a demand which the author finds to 

 exist, particularly among amateurs and stu- 

 dents, for more information relating espe- 

 cially to the practical part of the science. It 

 treats (giving facts rather than theories, and 

 avoiding technicalities) of voltaic batteries, 

 dynamos, the electric arc and arc lamp, elec- 

 tric motors, field magnets, armatures, the 

 telegraph and telephone, electric bells, the 

 induction coil, incandescent lamps, electrical 

 mining apparatus, the electric railway, elec- 

 tric welding, plating, and gas-lighting ap- 

 paratus, other electric inventions, electric 

 measurements, and gives resistance and 

 weight tables and an illustrated dictionary 

 of electrical terms and phrases. 



In his Introduction to Dynamics (Long- 

 mans) Mr. Charles V. Burton has included 

 kinematics, kinetics, and statics, because of 

 the difficulty, in writing a book for young 

 students with no previous knowledge of the 

 subject, of making a satisfactory division of 

 it. Absolute systems of units have been 

 used, and the C. G. S. system has been given 

 the most prominent place. Price, $1.50. 



In Optical Projection (Longmans) a trea- 



tise is given of a practical character by 

 Mr. Lewis Wright on the use of the lantern 

 in exhibition and scientific demonstration 

 through its entire range. The author has 

 practiced optical projection as a hobby for 

 many years, and in his experiments has dis- 

 covered many ways of improving the appli- 

 cation of the art and enlarging its scope. 

 His treatise is comprehensive, and includes, 

 besides an exposition of the philosophy of 

 projected images, descriptions of the parts 

 of the lantern, and of the lights susceptible 

 of being used with it, and accounts of the 

 demonstrations of the apparatus in repre- 

 sentations of experiments in molecular and 

 mechanical physics, physiology, chemistry, 

 sound, reflection, refraction, dispersion, and 

 color of light, the spectrum, interference, 

 polarization, heat, and electricity. Price, 

 $2.25. 



A series of studies in History, Economics, 

 and Public Law has been begun by the Uni- 

 versity Faculty of Political Science of Co- 

 lumbia College, to be conducted under the 

 editorial direction of Prof. Edwin R. A. Sehg- 

 man. The monographs are to be chosen main- 

 ly from among the doctors' dissertations in 

 political science, including only such studies 

 as form direct contributions to science and 

 are works of original research. They will 

 appear at irregular intervals, and will be 

 paged both consecutively and separately. 

 The first of the list to appear is a study by 

 Walter F. Wilcox on The Divorce Problem. 

 The argument of it is that legal provisions 

 of whatever sort have little direct and per- 

 manent influence on divorce. The whole 

 ideal and tendency of our modern civiliza- 

 tion are to teach every individual self-direc- 

 tion and self-government. No legal reform 

 can do such work. The main work of the 

 state should be as an educator of public 

 opinion; and law may contribute by holding 

 up a standard of morality in advance of the 

 average standard. Other correctives may be 

 sought in education and the Church, or ethi- 

 cal society. The second paper in the series 

 is The History of Tariff Administration in 

 the United States, from Colonial Times to 

 the McKinley Bill, by John Dean Goss. The 

 author suggests that if our tariffs had been 

 simply for revenue the problems of the best 

 methods and rates would have been solved 

 long ago ; but the adoption of the policy of 



