THE PHILOSOPHY OF MANUAL TRAINING. 651 



In most of tlie expression forms of genius the senses plaj an all- 

 important part. They must not only report accurately, they must 

 operate together accurately. Think of the part played by the eye, 

 the hand, tl^e ear in the fine arts of painting, sculpture, architecture, 

 music. These artists of whatever field, these men of genius, can do 

 things that other men can not, things finer, truer, quicker. 



The biography of genius makes it very clear that along with the 

 highly sensitive brain organization goes a power of co-ordinated bod- 

 ily movement not found in those less favored of the gods, just as a 

 study of the deficient classes makes it very clear that along with a 

 poorly developed brain tissue goes a pitiful lack of co-ordination in 

 the bodily movement. 



One can not, I think, look these results squarely in the face — re- 

 sults from both extremes of the intellectual scale — without accepting 

 the middle ground as well. A well-developed brain organism is 

 always accompanied by well-developed sense powers, and the senses 

 can not be well developed without a corresponding increase of brain 

 power. It is then both an actual and a possible result of manual 

 training that through the cultivation of the sense faculties comes an 

 increased power of the organism; and through this one comes into 

 more complete control and possession of one's self — becomes, in fact, 

 a more evolved and more moral being. 



I would not claim too much for manual training. It does not 

 pretend to make deficient boys clever, or average boys geniuses; 

 but it does make deficient boys less deficient, and average boys more 

 clever. 



From this renovated self spring enlarged ideas of one's relations 

 to other individuals. Manual training fosters individualism, and I 

 have long suspected this to be the only social creed, despite the 

 taunting cry of the opposition, " Every man for himself." Increased 

 personality, deepened individuality, mean increased and deepened 

 respect for the personality and individuality of others. I find 

 as an actual result of manual training that one is less and less will- 

 ing to enjoy things at the expense of others or to be waited on 

 by others; less willing, too, to serve others in ways that are not 

 worthy; quite willing to show others how to serve themselves. In- 

 crease of personal power means increase of self-poise and self- 

 sufiiciency. It does not, however, mean a smaller sympathy. 

 On the contrary, the more evolved imagination makes possible a 

 larger sympathy. Mr. Fiske has successfully shown that much of 

 the cruelty and inhumanity of the world is due to lack of im- 

 agination, and inability to picture another's point of view or to put 

 one's self in another's place. But I want you to mark especially 

 that the quality of the sympathy fostered by manual training, or by 



