COLLEGE WOMEN AND THE NEW SCIENCE. 687 



tion, Mrs. Helen Campbell, Mrs. Mary Hinman Abel, Miss Edith F. 

 McDermott, Mrs. Alice P. iSTorton, and others, in such papers as 

 Household Labor as Exercise, Chemistry of Cooking and Cleaning, 

 Southern Prize Recij^es, and an appeal to girls to learn housework 

 rather than shop or factory work. 



The idea of duty and obligation to give to others less fortunate 

 something from the riches of opportunity and training enjoyed by 

 college women so impressed itself upon the mind of a graduate of 

 Smith College, Miss Vida D. Scudder, that she succeeded in imbuing 

 the minds of six other graduates of that institution with her own con- 

 viction. Her plan was to establish a home in the midst of a densely 

 populated, ignorant, and wicked district, from which they could reach 

 the homes of their neighbors and add something of pleasure and 

 knowledge to their dull lives full of ignorance and vice. 



To these young college girls, the value of a home appeared so 

 great as a nucleus for far-reaching philanthropic w^ork, as the most 

 practical kind of a starting point for anything of value which they 

 could give or receive, that they determined to make one in the worst 

 part of ISTew York city. 



Upon maturing their plans, they moved into quarters at 95 Riv- 

 ington Street in September, 1889, a locality, according to Frances 

 J. Dyer, " said to be more densely populated than any part of Lon- 

 don. One half of all arrests for gambling and one tenth of all 

 arrests for crime in ISTew York come within the limits of the election 

 precinct in which they (the residents) live. Five churches vainly 

 try to meet the spiritual needs of fifty thousand people, and there 

 is one saloon for every hundred inhabitants. These facts suffi- 

 ciently indicate the character of the neighborhood in which these 

 young collegiates, representing the highest type of American woman- 

 hood, elect to spend a portion of their time." The steady growing 

 and remarkable results following the efforts of these young college 

 women would furnish material for a volume. From this beginning 

 other college settlements have followed upon the same basis — that one 

 must take to the people what one has for them. 



The Alumnae House Settlement of the ISTew York ISTormal 

 College opened at 446 East Seventy-second Street, ]^ew York city, 

 in 1894; the Philadelphia College Settlement opened at 617 Carver 

 Street in April, 1892; the Boston College Settlement opened at 93 

 Tyler Street, January, 1893; while many others have followed, 

 fathered by coeducational institutions, such as the University of 

 Chicago Settlement, started in January, 1894, at 4655 Gross Ave- 

 nue; the iSTorthwestern University Settlement, opened in 1891, at 

 26 Rice Street, Chicago; and a Log Cabin Settlement, opened in a 

 very small place in the mountains of jSTorth Carolina in March, 1895. 



