732 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



is an indisputably proved fact. The presence of this horde of Jews, 

 in Poland often outnumbering the natives, especially in the towns, is 

 largely accountable for the short stature shown by our map. This 

 does not exonerate the Poles by any means from the charge of relative 

 diminutiveness. The degree in which they are surpassed by their 

 Slavic neighbors is shown by our map on the next page. Compari- 

 sons with Russia are facilitated by the uniformity of tints. Yet 

 even here in Austria-Hungary the shortness of the Poles and 

 Ruthenians, which together form the population of Galicia, may be 

 partly attributable to the large contingent of Jews. 



The clearest example of stature as an unmitigated ethnic trait, 

 hereditary and persistent, is shown in the eastern half of Austria- 

 Hungary, on our second map. ITotice the lightness of shading 

 among all the Germans (Deutsche) in Austria, in the Tyrol, and in 

 the northwestern corner of Bohemia (Bohmen). These are just the 

 districts where Teutonic infiltration from the north has been his- 

 torically proved since early times. We have already mentioned it in 

 our study of the head form. The German-speaking Austrians, then, 

 are by nature, and not by acquisition, an inch or two taller than many 

 of the Slavic peoples subject to their political domination. It is the 

 same phenomenon already so familiar to us in the case of the relatively 

 gigantic Burgundian peasantry in France to-day; in the tallness of 

 the people of Lombardy; and, above all, in the Teutonized eastern 

 half of the British Isles. This latter example comes directly home to 

 us, because we in America owe a large measure of our surpassing- 

 stature to the same ethnic cause. Never has a physical trait shown 

 so surprising a persistency as in the height of these Teutonic peoples. 



Just here a difiiculty confronts us — one which no anthropologist 

 has satisfactorily explained. Our second map shows a very tall popu- 

 lation among the southern Slavs, the Slovenes, Serbo-Croatians, and 

 Bosnians, contrasted with the short Poles, Kuthenians, and Slovaks 

 in the northeast. This can not historically be traced to a Teutonic 

 ancestry. Anthropologically it is even less probable, because these 

 southern Slavs are all very dark in hair and eye, being in this 

 respect as in head form the polar extreme from the Teutons of the 

 north. A distinct subcenter of giantism, inexplicable but estab- 

 lished beyond all doubt, exists just east of the Adriatic Sea. Its 

 influence radiates through the Slovenes over into northeastern Italy. 

 We find indication of it in the RhaBtian jDarts of Switzerland. 

 Deniker, in his recent classification of the anthropological types of 

 Europe, carries it even further, under the definite name of the 

 Adriatic or Dinaric race.* Can it be denied that the tallness of 



* 1898 a, with map. We emphasized the same fact in our general stature map of 

 Europe in the Popular Science Monthly, li, May, 1897, p. 30. 



