EDUCATION OF OUR COLORED CITIZENS. 795 



stand the Huntington Industrial Works, where lumber passes 

 from the felled log into finished carpentry under the hands of 

 joiners and carpenters. The boys who have been trained in this 

 school will never be at a loss to get work. They can put up their 

 own houses and those of their neighbors, and teach by example 

 and precept in their turn. Wheelwright and blacksmith shops 

 stand close at hand. Dressmaking establishments and cooking 

 schools meanwhile are training women to equal usefulness. 



Hampton stands, above all, for industrial education. The in- 

 stitutions at Petersburg, Nashville, and Atlanta are all working 

 for the education of the colored race. Some of them have techni- 

 cal schools, but it is at Hampton alone that industrial training 

 and manual labor form the keystone of the educational arch. 

 The students here are taught not only to work, but to be proud of 

 working ; and when the higher education is earned it is worth 

 more because it is founded on the solid basis of hand work. Thor- 

 oughness and accuracy, the two great qualifications for scholar- 

 ship, are taught at the carpenter's bench and the blacksmith's 

 forge. But the artisans are not left untaught in other things. 

 The night school is crowded every evening with eager learners of 

 two races. Negroes and Indians study side by side, with benefit 

 to both races. Their horizon is widened by the interchange of 

 experiences from such diverse regions as the West and South, the 

 prairie and the cotton field. The habits of the wandering tribes 

 and the sons. of the soil are full of interest to the observers, and, 

 even as children learn from each other more readily than from 

 grown people, so these child races are teaching and training one 

 another. 



When the Indians were introduced into the school, some fifteen 

 years ago, while the Hon. Carl Schurz was Secretary of the Inte- 

 rior under Hayes, it was feared that the discipline and general 

 morale of the institution would suffer. These, on the contrary, 

 have steadily improved. General Armstrong was one of the first 

 educators to adopt the principle of student-government. The boys, 

 Negro and Indian, are formed into a battalion. Cases of insubor- 

 dination are dealt with by a court martial detailed from among 

 the officers, who report their sentence for the approval of the fac- 

 ulty of the school. The system is admirably adapted to its pur- 

 pose. It develops both discipline and a sense of honor. To com- 

 pel a boy, under ordinary circumstances, to report the conduct of 

 his comrades is to make him a spy and informer, but when he 

 acts as guard or sentinel he falls at once into the attitude of mili- 

 tary obedience. 



Nothing in the conduct of the school shows keener insight into 

 the character of the negro than the establishment of this semi- 

 military basis of organization. A uniform, gay with straps and 



