SUCKLEY MONOGKAPH OF THE GENUS SALMO. 95 



the caudal. Intermaxillary prolongation strongly deciirved, and armed 

 with large hooked teeth. Under jaw armed with a dilated and slightly 

 incurved knob, similarly provided with strong teeth. The teeth on the 

 sides of both jaws are strong, and very irregular in size or disposition, 

 and extend almost to the angle of the commissure. Teeth on the vomer, 

 present or absent, varying in this respect in different specimens. Cau- 

 dal fin moderately lunated, the degree varying according to age. 



Colors. — In recent specimens fresh from the sea we find a silvery luster; 

 not, however, as strongly marked as in the S. gairdneri, S. quinHat, and 

 other species. The ground-color of the back is lead-color or a silvery 

 blue, and that of the belly white or yellowish white. The back and sides, 

 dorsal tin, and tail are unspotted. 



Female. — The fresh run females differ in having symmetrical jaws, 

 destitute of elongated intermaxillary, or of the incurved knob on the 

 lower jaw. 



Diagnosis. — The male may be known from all but the other hook- 

 billed species by having the long decurved interraaxillaries and cartilag- 

 inous snout extending considerably beyond the point of the lower jaw; 

 by its large irregular teeth on the maxillaries: From the S.ijroteus and 

 B. dermatinus, by having less of a dorsal hump; by the marked lapping 

 of the scales, and by having an unspotted caudal fin. The teeth along 

 the maxillaries are also not awl-shaped and uniform as in S. proteus., 

 being more frequently alternately large and small. They are also less 

 numerous. The female may be recognized from those of most of the 

 other species. 



Habitat. — Pacific coast; auadromous; enters fresh-water rivers 

 in autumn. 



Spec. 1129 Smiths. Coll. has a less number of rows of scales both above 

 and below the lateral line, than has No. 1130. This may be ov/ing to sex, 

 or perhaps species. In many respects the fish agree very well. No. 1130, 

 however, has the tongue and vomer toothless. May not this be the re- 

 sult of age? If not, and the fish prove to be distinct, which shall be 

 considered new? or which 8. lycaodon, Pallas, 8. consuetuSj Eich., or 

 S. sco2ileri, Rich ? 



It would be very easy to take up one of these specimens and impose 

 a name upon it, and, ergo, an additional incubus upon the study of the 

 family. But I refrain. A few years will probably bring us plenty of speci- 

 mens from the waters of the North Pacific, on both sides. Then, and not 

 till then, can the synonymy of the hooked-snout, big-toothed, and round- 

 backed species be properly determined. This is an exceedingly abun- 

 dant species on the northwest coast, and affords the principal salmon 

 harvest to the Indians, who dry vast numbers for winter use. It usually 

 commences to run up the streams which empty into Puget Sound about 

 the first week in September, and continues to arrive until near Christmas. 

 During the mouths of January, February, and March, they are found 

 abundantly in small shallow brooks and streams tributary to the larger 



