THE HISTORY OF FISH-CULTURE. 527 



cliain of great lakes any liigher up than Niag;ara Falls, altliongh speci- 

 mens have been taken in Lakes Erie and Michigan. Their existence 

 there is with little doubt traceable to artificial transportation. 



A captain of a lake- vessel informed' me that it was quite a common 

 thing, some years ago, to carry a quantity of live eels in a tub on the 

 deck of a vessel while on Lake Ontario, and thiey were often taken in 

 this manner through the Welland Canal. He said that it was a fre- 

 quent occurrence on his vessel when they had become tired of them, or 

 had procured better fishes, to turn the remainder alive into the waters 

 of Lake Erie. 



In 1S71 iMr. A. Booth, a large dealer of Chicago, had an eel of four 

 pounds weight sent him from the south end of Lake Michigan, and a 

 few weeks afterward a fisherman of Ahneepee, Wis., nearly two 

 hundred miles to the northward, wrote him that he had taken a few 

 eels at that point. It was a matter of interest to account for their 

 presence, and a long time afterward we learned that some parties 

 at Eaton Eapids, Mich., on a tributary of the lake, had imported a 

 number of eels and put them in the stream at that place, from which 

 they had doubtless made their way to the points where they tvere taken. 

 The unfortunate aqitarium-car in June, 1873, by meaiis of the acci- 

 dent that occurred at Elkhorn Eiver, released a number of eels into 

 that stream, and about four thousand were placed by the United States 

 commission in the Calumet Eiver at South Chicago, 111., two hundred 

 in D.ead Eiver, Waukegan, 111., and three thousand eight hundred in 

 Fox Eiver, Wisconsin. " 



The aleicife. — The ale wife {PomohMs pseudoharengus) has in numer- 

 ous instances been largely multiplied by carrying the parent-fish above 

 the dams that i^revented access to their favorite spawning-grounds, or 

 even to new waters. According to General Lincoln, an experiment of 

 this kind was made successfully as long ago as 1750. This has been a 

 common practice in the shorter rivers on the Massachusetts coast, gen- 

 erally with good results. 



The smelt. — The introduction of the smelt {Osmerus mordax) into 

 new streams and lakes has been attempted by New Hampshire and Mas- 

 sachusetts. In New Hami)shire three lakes were stocked in 1871, and 

 in Massachusetts it is said that Jamaica Pond was stocked near the 

 close of the last century, and that they have existed there ever since, 

 without access to the sea. In 18G9 they were introduced by the com- 

 missioners into Flax Pond, in Wareham. 



The ichite fish. — Mr. L.. J. Farwell, of Madison, Wis., formerly governor 

 of the State, transferred in 1854 a number of white fishes, {Coregonus 

 albus,) together with the brook-trout, (Salmo fontmalis,) to the lakes 

 around Madison. As the white-fish are only taken with nets their pres- 

 ence .in the lake was only manifested when suitable, nets were made use 

 of. Elizabeth Lake, in Oakland County, Michigan, was stocked with this 



