THE HISTORY OF FISH CULTURE. 555 



EUROPEAN SPECIES. 



Male. Female. 



The salmon, (Salmo salar.) with The river-trout, {Salmo fario.) 



Do., do. . do. The lake-trout, {Salmo lacustris.) 



Do., do. do. The ombre chevalier, {Salmo iim- 



hla.) 

 (I) Ombre chevalier, {Salmo umbla.) do. T\iq salmon, {Salmo salar.) 

 The river-trout, ((.Srt/mo/ono.) do. Do., do. 



Do., do. do. The ombre chevalier, {Salmo um- 



bla.) 

 The ombre chevalier, {Salmo umbla.) do. The river-trout, {Salmo far io.) 

 Tlie lake-trout, {Salmo lacustris.) do. The salmou, {Salmo salar.) 



AlVIERICAN SPECIES. 



The \^h\te-G.sh, {Coregonus albus.) The salmou- trout, {Salmo namay- 



Gush.) 

 The alewife, {Pomolobus pseudo-ha- The shad, {Alosa sapid issima.) 

 rengus.) 



The advances made in the art of fish-culture by its adoption in this 

 country are now extended by its application to a number of new species. 



In the family of Clupeidcc nothing seems to have been attempted in 

 Europe, while in America the culture of the shad {Alosa sapidissima) is 

 one of the most extensive and successful eiforts in fish-culture, and that 

 of the alewife {Pomolobus pseudo-harengus) has been experimented upon 

 with success. 



In the genera of Salmo, Coregonus, and Thymallus there is entire simi- 

 larity of condition between American and European species, though the 

 species are different, except in the case of Salmo salar. 



In apparatus there are several advances. Though in considering 

 the shad-bos (see plate) we find the floating-box with wire-gauze in use 

 in the old world for years,* still its inclination to the current, in the 

 manner of Seth Green's patent, is an improvement in liroduciug a com- 

 plete and continuous circulation of water. 



The tray-methods of Holton, of Clark, and of Williamson (see plates) 

 are of great importajace in economy of space, in the facility for manipu- 

 lation of the eggs, and, in saving of expense, because smaller buildings are 

 suflicieut for the accommodation of apparatus, and from the compact- 

 ness of the apparatus more labor can be accomplished than with the ex- 

 tended trough method. 



Ipiprovements in egg-carriers and in vessels for transporting young 

 fishes have been referred to on another page. 



The advance made in method;* of impregnation and care of ova 

 are the results of continued experience and study. The so-called dry 



* See Vojrt's Essay on Fish-Culture. Translation in Report ou the Artificial Propa- 

 gation of Fish, by G. P. Marsh, Burliugtou, Vt. Page 41. 



