WOMAN'S STRUGGLE FOR LIBERTY IN GERMANY. 335 



3. "Written permission from the professors or docents whose 

 lectures the applicant wishes to attend. 



4. The permission from the rector must be obtained each se- 

 mester, but from the curator only when a new subject is chosen. 



5. The same fee is demanded from women as from men, and 

 women are requested to always carry with them, in attending lec- 

 tures, the wiitten permission from the rector. 



At the public installation of Rector Waldeyer, in October, 

 1898, both in his address and in that of the resigning rector, Ge- 

 heimrath Professor Schmoller, the subject of education of women 

 received attention. 



Geheimrath Schmoller said that the first condition of further 

 concessions in the matter must be better preparation on the part 

 of the women, and when this deficiency should be provided for the 

 faculty of the university could make the conditions of their attend- 

 ing lectures lighter, perhaps even the same as those for men. Ge- 

 heimrath Waldeyer made the subject one of three to which he 

 gave equal space, and which he said called for immediate atten- 

 tion in the educational affairs of Germany. The other two sub- 

 jects were the relation of technical schools to the universities, and 

 university extension. Geheimrath AValdeyer said that he had for- 

 merly been opposed to the higher education of women, but had 

 been led to change his mind from seeing that the movement is not 

 an artificial one, but rather the natural result of the present social 

 condition of society, and on the simple ground of right should be 

 forwarded in a legitimate manner. He spoke strongly, however, 

 in favor of the establishment of separate universities for men and 

 women, on account of the natural differences in the working of 

 their minds and the necessity of adapting methods in both instances 

 to their needs. 



The number of women in the University of Berlin has increased 

 very rapidly, being in the autumn of 1896 thirty-nine, in the win- 

 ter of the same year ninety-five. The next year the largest nimi- 

 ber was nearly two hundred, and in 1897-'98 three hundred and 

 fifty-two were in all inscribed. jSTearly half of these were German 

 women. Most of the women in the University of Berlin are in 

 the department of philosophy, but several are pursuing courses in 

 theology and law. These women are of all ages. One from Char- 

 lottenburg was sixty-two years old, and, besides this honored lady, 

 there were five others whose white hair testified to an age of from 

 fifty to fifty-five, while the youngest of all was a Bulgarian girl 

 of seventeen. 



The first woman to take her. degree in the University of Berlin 

 was Dr. Else Xeumanu, in December, 1898, in physics and mathe- 



