LITERARY NOTICES. 



275 



and Sarah for the same reason, though still 

 earlier, joined the Society of Friends. Both 

 left Charleston and went to Philadelphia, 

 where Angelina also became a Quaker. But 

 after years of trial they withdrew also from 

 the Friends' organization, for the same rea- 

 son that it did not enter heartily into the 

 rising movement for emancipation. Break- 

 ing away from all these restraints, they came 

 out openly as Abolitionists, and devoted 

 themselves with great zeal and efficiency to 

 the propagation of antislavery views. They 

 wrote much and forcibly, and at length took 

 the field as speakers in Massachusetts with 

 remarkable effect. They were both eminently 

 qualified for this sphere of labor, but An- 

 gelina, the younger, had extraordinary accom- 

 plishments as an orator, and her lectures 

 were attended by crowds of admiring listen- 

 ers, although the appearance of women in 

 the public lecture-field was at that time a 

 novelty, and strenuously resisted by all con- 

 servative people. 



Slavery is now gone, and a new genera- 

 tion has come upon the stage which knows 

 little of the intensity of the struggle which 

 led to its extinction, and the furious and 

 maddened resistance encountered by its as- 

 sailants ; but in the records of that expe- 

 rience the names of the Grimke sisters will 

 ever have an honorable and permanent 

 place. Of their various efforts in other di- 

 rections of social reform, their personalities, 

 and their interesting private lives, we can 

 not here speak, but must refer the reader 

 to the memorial volume, which has been 

 executed with fidelity and discriminating 

 fairness by a loving friend. It will be sin- 

 cerely welcomed by all who knew them, and 

 will be found full of instructive interest by 

 all who have an appreciation of strong, ele- 

 vated, and heroic character. 



State Agricultural Experimext Station, 



Amherst, Mass. Second Annual Report. 



1884. C. A. GoESSMANN, Director. Pp. 



166. 



The varied contents of this report, and 

 the fullness with which the experiments are 

 described, testify to a year of busy work. 

 Among the subjects of the experiments 

 were commercial fertilizers, the specific 

 action of different forms of potassa, the 

 effect of fertilizers on fruit-trees, various 

 leguminous forage-plants, injurious insects, 



the vitality of seeds, ensilage, foods, anal- 

 yses of milk, testing of drinking-waters, 

 feeding - experiments with milch-cows and 

 pigs, etc. 



Placer Mixes and Mixing - Ditches. By 

 Albert Williams, Jr. Pp. 64. 



This monograph was prepared to form 

 a part of the census report on the statistics 

 and technology of the precious metals. 

 Placer mines, according to the author's 

 statement, have the advantages of being 

 usually more accessible and nearer to thick- 

 ly settled and agricultural districts than the 

 quartz mining districts, and of not requir- 

 ing so large an amount of material for their 

 working as quartz mines. The secondary 

 nature of the gravel deposits in which they 

 occur implies an average lower altitude than 

 that of the quartz veins, from which they 

 are derived by erosion. It is a fact that 

 they occur at all altitudes up to 10,000 feet, 

 the elevation of the placer in Alma town- 

 ship. Park County, Colorado. The average 

 height of those mentioned in this report is 

 more than 3,400 feet above the sea-level, 

 while the average height of those in Cali- 

 fornia, beach-sands excepted, is 2,600 feet. 

 The total nominal capital of thirty-six pla- 

 cer mines is $35,115,000, or an average of 

 $975,417 each, while the average par value 

 of their shares is about $14.68. The placer 

 mines being largely worked by the hydraulic 

 method, the question of water-supply is an 

 important one with them, and extensive 

 ditching-works have been executed to secure 

 water. Mr. Williams has reports of 10,783 

 miles of ditch-lines, which have a maximum 

 capacity of 7,560,000 gallons per twenty- 

 four hours, which cost for plant, exclud- 

 ing cost of water-rights, $27,056,942, and 

 are maintained at an annual expense of 

 $837,280. 



The Influence of the Proprietors in 



FOUNDING THE StaTE OF NeW JeRSET. 



By Austin Scott. Baltimore : N. Mur- 

 ray. Pp. 26. 



This is a study in the Johns Hopkins 

 University Historical Series, by the Professor 

 of History in Rutgers College, of the course 

 of the development of the fundamental in- 

 stitutions of New Jersey from the regime 

 laid down by the original proprietors. 



