750 THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



eight to twenty, or even more, stiff, scattered hairs, after the manner 

 of eyebrows ; and eyelashes are likewise present. 



In most cases the hair of the true chimpanzee is of a black color. 

 Short whitish hairs may be observed on the lower part of the face and 

 chin, as well as round the posteriors. Sometimes the color of the hair 

 is shot throughout with reddish or brownish black. 



The orang-outang, the chief representative of the anthropoids in 

 Asia, differs from the African forms of this group, almost at the first 

 glance, in the height of his skull, of which the fore part is compressed 

 and shortened in a backward direction. In the aged male it is, how- 

 ever, provided with high and erect bony crests, w^hich give a prog- 

 nathous appearance to the countenance. We take an aged male as the 

 type of our description. 



The forehead is high and erect, not retreating like that of the 

 chimpanzee ; it is open, and has moderately convex frontal eminences. 

 From the center of the forehead a round or bluntly oval eminence 

 sometimes projects. The supraorbital ridges are strongly arched, yet 

 not so prominent as that of the aged male chimpanzee, setting aside 

 that of the gorilla. The eyes are not widely opened, nor are their lids 

 large and furrowed, but on the lower lids there are deej) wrinkles. 

 The small bi-idge of the nose is generally much depressed, but some- 

 times assumes a slightly conical form as it issues from the central 

 longitudinal depression of the face. The end of the nose, farther 

 removed from the eyes than is generally the case in the chimpanzee, 

 is not so broad as it is in the latter animal and in the gorilla. The 

 wings of the nose are narrow and highly arched in their upper part, 

 divided from each other by a vertical furrow, and the nostrils are small 

 and oval, separated by a thin j^artition. The upper lip is high, broad, 

 and projecting, and seldom much w^rinkled. It is divided from the 

 cheeks and from the upper part of the face by a deep depression ; and 

 behind the cheeks two large and long-shai)ed or sometimes triangular 

 pads of fat often project forward and downw^ard. 



The very mobile lips are furrowed, and not remarkably thick. The 

 chin is very retreating, but somewhat uniformly rounded in front (Fig. 

 7). The small ear averages fifty-five millimetres in length, and twelve 

 millimetres in width, and has a general resemblance in structure to the 

 human ear (Fig. 8). On the fore pai-t of the short, thick neck there 

 are irregular, and in some places very deep, circular folds of skin. The 

 throat-pouch distends part of this slack, wrinkled skin, which hangs 

 down in front like a great empty wallet (see Figs. 7 and 9). 



The structure of the other parts of the body lacks even, to some 

 extent, the powerful and symmetrical formation which we observe in 

 the gorilla, and indeed in the chimpanzee. The trunk, with broad yet 

 rather angular and sloping shoulders, with flattened breast, rounded 

 back, and still more rounded belly, is tun-shaped, and gives the im- 

 pression of a want of proportion. In lean individuals the gluteal 



