848 



THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 



INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC SERIES. 



VOL. LIU. 



The Mammalia in their Relation to 



Primeval Times. By Oscar Schmidt. 



New York : D. Appleton & Co. Pp. 



308, with Fifty-one Woodcuts. Price, 



$1.50. 



This is the last work of the venerable 

 Professor of Zoology in the University of 

 Strasburg, the news of his death having ar- 

 rived since its publication. That there has 

 been a great advance in recent years of our 

 knowledge of the mammalia, especially in 

 relation to primeval conditions, is ■well 

 known, and Dr. Schmidt in this volume has 

 very ably summarized the most important 

 results of recent research in this field. He 

 published, some years ago, a volume in this 

 series entitled "Doctrine of Descent and 

 Darwinism," which has met with much favor 

 as a contribution to modern philosophical 

 biology. The present book is on the same 

 line of exposition, and is offered by the 

 author as a supplement, rounding up the 

 discussion, while, at the same time, it has 

 the character of a separate treatise. The 

 author says : " It will be found to contain 

 proofs of the necessity, the truth, and the 

 value of Darwinism as the foundation for 

 the theory of descent within a limited field, 

 and is brought down to the most recent 

 times. "Within these limits the work is 

 complete in itself ; for, although the student 

 of natural history may have become ac- 

 quainted with interesting fragments of the 

 actual science, still the subject has not be- 

 fore been presented in so comprehensive a 

 manner or in so convenient a form." 



Protection versiin Free-Trade. The Sci- 

 entific Validity and Economic Operation 

 of Defensive Duties in the United States. 

 I3y Henry M. IIoyt. New York : D. Ap- 

 pleton & Co. Pp. 435. Price, $2. 



The late official head of the Common- 

 wealth of Pennsylvania, Governor Hoyt, has 

 here elaborated a pretty solid book on the 

 general subject of freedom and restriction 

 in commerce. The author is a protection- 

 ist, and has written his volume in the inter- 

 est of that party. Its tone is controversial 

 and lively, whatever may be said of its ar- 

 guments, and the adherents of the " Penn- 

 sylvania System " will be sure to get great 

 comfort out of its peru-^al. Governor IIoyt 

 is an antagonist of free trade, and, as free 



trade is grounded in the principles of po- 

 litical economy. Governor lloyt is also the 

 antagonist of political economy ; that is, a 

 large portion of his book is devoted to dis- 

 crediting the " so-called science" of wealth. 

 As we understand the Governor, he seems 

 to think that, so far as men's exchanges of 

 property are concerned, this world was made 

 much too big. It should have been limited, 

 if not to the boundaries of Pennsylvania, 

 then certainly to the boundaries of the 

 United States ; and he thinks, too, our pol- 

 icy should be to correct this blunder in 

 world-making by ignoring anything outside 

 these national limits. His idea appears to 

 be that foreign trade is not profitable, and 

 that we can make more money by being 

 shut in among ourselves and ignoring all 

 other nations. The key to the philosophy 

 of his book is found in its concluding 

 words, which are these, given with the em- 

 phasis of italics : " The nearer toe come to 

 orffanizinff our competing industries as if we 

 were the- onhj nation on the planet, the more 

 we shall make and the more ive shall have to 

 divide among the makers." The reason why 

 it is necessary to break down "political 

 economy " and get it out of the way is thus 

 sufficiently apparent. 



The Raising and Management of Poultrt. 

 Boston : Cupples, Upham & Co. Pp. 125. 



This volume contains a phonographic 

 report of the addresses and discussions that 

 were had at two meetings of poultry ex- 

 perts, in connection with the series of Sat- 

 urday Farmers Meetings, which were held 

 in Boston May 7 and 14, 1S85. The sub- 

 jects specially considered pertain to the es- 

 tablishment of the best breeds ; the quali- 

 ties of each breed, as an egg and flesh pro- 

 ducer ; the care and profit of the stock ; 

 and the great and increasing value of the 

 poultry interest to farmers and the country. 



Scarlet Fever, and Certain Sugge.stions 

 FOR ITS Treatment. By T. Griswold 

 Comstock, M. D., of St. Louis. Pp. 19. 



The author in this paper calls attention 

 to certain therapeutical measures for the 

 treatment of the disease, " which, if not en- 

 tirely new to some of the profession, are 

 but little used by many, and nevertheless 

 are of great value." 



