Collections of Dried Plants obtained in South-West Africa. 17 



Dense forest commences a few miles east of Cassualala and ceases near N'dalla Tandu. 



The hills of Golungo Alto are seen from the train to the north. 

 Dense forest. 

 Dense forest. G return africanum. 



Sandy slopes behind cable station. Luxuriant growth of Aristida sp>. (knee-high) and other 

 grasses ; Zygophylla, Ficoideae, Compositae, &c. 



About 8 miles south-east of Mossamedes towards R. Coroea. Welwitschia, Euphorbia 

 with stout, 7-angled columnar stems, Asclepiads, grasses, &c. 



Mouth of Bero River — ground wet, frequently marshy — Suceda fruticosa, Nicotiana 

 glauca, Arundo, Ficoideae, grasses, &c. Sugar-cane, banana, and other tropical and 

 subtropical cultivation. 



After leaving bed of R. Geroual, railway passes for about 40 miles over a stony desert 

 in which grasses are abundant after exceptional rains. At about 1,000 feet, Vitis 

 macropus occurs in abundance, mainly between Km. 44 and 55. Higher up, grasses 

 become thicker, and bushes — Acacias, Bauhinia (? gariepina), Combretaceae, 

 Acanthaceae — become increasingly abundant and of larger size ; with the grasses 

 occur numerous herbaceous plants — Capparidaceae, Pedalineae, Leguminoseae, 

 Ficoideae, Euphorbias. At and beyond Km. 107, a low, open forest prevails. No 

 surface water between Mossamedes and Km. 107, except at Pedra Grande. 



Open forest of low trees, among which Copaifera Mopane is usually predominant ; with 

 it a tall bushy Combretum is abundant and Acacia spp., Fieus, &c, are less common. 

 Grasses, Ficoideae, Legurninoseae, Monsonias, Pedalineae. Abrupt granite blocks, 

 often of immense size, rise above the trees. 



Forest of the same character as at 105, but richer. Undergrowth very rich in grasses, 

 also including Pedalineae, Oldenlandiae, Monsonia, Acanthaceae, Capparidaceae. 

 The arborescent species are here of lower growth than at 105, and form an open 

 " thicket " rather than forest. (106a = South of the railway ; 106b = North.) 



Grasses and other herbaceous plants very abundant and mostly in flower. Sansevieria 

 (sp. n.) in sand at the top of a large granite block in the stream-bed about £ mile 

 from the railway. 



Near the Munhino River the forest opens out and large stretches are densely grass- 

 covered (grasses about 3 feet) and bear scattered trees of Fiats sp., Acacia albida. 

 After crossing the river, Copaifera Mopane prevails until the ascent of the Sheila 

 Pass has commenced. Bauhinia garipensis occurs on broken ground ; Cataphractes 

 Alexandri is locally common. Adansonia digitata becomes common above Capan- 

 gombe. In the pass, above the Copaifera and Baobab, ferns become abundant 

 (Adiantum, Pellaea, &c). A stemless Phoenix is common about 1,500 feet from 

 the top. Near top of pass an arborescent Euphorbia, 40 feet high, is common ; 

 also Dombeya, Ficus, Acacias, Clematis, &c. Above the pass the country is undu- 

 lating and grassy, with proteaceous trees and bushes, Muraltias, Gladioli, Salvias, 

 Plantago, Helichrysum, Melastomaceae, &c. 



Grass-covered plains with proteaceous bushes, Aloe Baumii, &c. ; marshy places here 

 and there. Cultivation — Wheat, Zea Mais, sorghum, tomatoes, Sechium edule, &c. 



Collected mainly along banks of water-furrow which leads water from the Nene River. 



Collected mainly in marshy places. 



Road passes over a ridge about 7,000 feet. Extensive grassy plains with proteaceous and 

 leguminous forest on the slopes above Lubango. At Lubango much cultivation on 

 small scale — Wheat, potatoes, maize, sorghum, figs, &c. ; roses, bananas, oranges, 

 pepper-trees (Schinus molle), oleanders in gardens. Eucalyptus globulus here and 

 at Humpata near habitations. 



Vegetation as in 109-112. Pteris aquilina, Buphane disticha. 



