POPULAR MISCELLANY. 



709 



Hazen, W. B. Report of the Chief Signal-Offl^er 

 for 1SS6. Washington : Government Printing- 

 Office. Pp. 500. 



Goode, George Brown. The Fisheries and Fish- 

 ing Industries of the United States. Vol.11. Geo- 

 graphical Review for l>^*0. Washington: Govern- 

 ujeut I'rinting-Office. Pp. 7S7. 



Stockwell. C. T The Evolution of Immortality. 

 Chicago : Charles 11. Kerr i; Co. Pp. 09. $1. 



Seller, Emma The Voice in Singing. Philadel- 

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Schurman, Jacob Gould. The Ethical Import 

 of Darwinism. New Yort : Charles Scribner's 

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Camp. C. C. Labor, Capital and Money: Their 

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IlalliweU-Phillips, J. O. The Works of William 

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 92G. $2. 



Morgan, Mary. Poems and Translations. Mont- 

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Gordon, Anna A. The White Ribbon Bfrthday 

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Lindley, Walter. M. U., and Widney, J. P., M. D. 

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Salomon.?, Sir Dand. Management of Accun'u- 

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Kinney, Coates, Xenia, Ohio. Lyrics of the 

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Kansas Academy of Science. Transactions, 

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 Pp. 155, with Plates. 



Miiiler, F. Mai. Biographies of Words and the 

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Ballott, Maturin M. Under the Southern Cross. 

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Saint-Pierre, Bernardin de. Paul and Virginia 

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Euete, Emily. Memoirs of an Arabian Prin- 

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Bain, Alexander. On Teaching English. Pp. 

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POPULAR MISCELLANY. 



The Pauama Canal. — At the meeting of 

 the Academy of Sciences held in Paris, 

 January 9, 1888, M. Ferdinand de Lesseps 

 made a communication in relation to the 

 proposed changes in the Panama Canal, 

 of which the following account is taken 

 from the " Journal des Debats " : " What 

 is now being done — and this will enable 

 the largest vessels to pass from one ocean 

 to the other in 1690 — is the ship -canal 

 just as it was agreed upon by the Inter- 

 national Congress, and just as it should be 

 on the original line ; only, instead of wait- 

 ing until it shall be completely finished, in 

 order to open it to navigation, we have sim- 

 ply decided to do again tliat which was con- 

 sidered best for the Suez Canal in 1865 — 

 that is, at a time when formidable opposi- 

 tion, both political and financial, particu- 

 larly financial, threatened to ruin the en- 

 terprise just as it was about to be finished. 

 We have merely decided to open the canal 

 to navigation as soon as possible when we 

 shall be able to have ships as large as 

 those of the Transatlantic Company pass 

 from one ocean to the other, and a sufBcient 

 number of them to bring the annual traffic 

 up to seven and a half million tons, as was 

 predicted by the International Congress. 

 This traffic assures us an annual revenue of 

 one hundred and twenty million francs; it 

 will enable us to settle all our indebtedness, 

 and to pay a first dividend on the shares, 

 and will still leave us something over. It 

 is just as this surplus will increase that wc 

 shall complete the canal without any one 

 feeling the expense, and without stopping 

 the regular increase of the dividends, ex- 

 actly as has been the case at Suez. But, in 

 order to open the Panama Ship-Canal to 

 the navigation of large vessels before it is 

 finally completed, the problem is to hold 

 the water in the parts of the canal not yet 

 dug to the requisite depth in what engineers 

 call upper basins (" biefs sup^rieurs ") ; to 

 hold the water there, and at the same time 

 allow ships to pass in and out of these basins, 

 we shall have to construct metallic doors 

 as for locks, like those seen in all harbors 

 where there is a rise and fall of the tide, 

 and in ocean harbors. Mr. Eiffel, at my re- 

 quest, is to take charge of this work, for 



