104 



close behind the gill opening'. The anal fin commences close 

 behind the anus and under the posterior extremity of the 

 dorsal, ending immediately in front of the supra-caudal 

 luminous gland. There is a small pit in front of the anus. 

 A dorsal adipose fin occurs about half-way between the end 

 ot the dorsal and the beginning of the caudal. Its base is 

 about ^ the vertical diameter of the eye, and its free portion 

 reaches to the supra-caudal gland. A ventral adipose fin, very 

 similar to the dorsal though smaller, is also present. The base 

 of attachment is ver}^ slightly longer, the free portion, however, 

 being markedly shorter. Both are coloured similarly, being 

 dark brown at the base with brown dots towards the margin. 

 Phosphorescent organs : These may be divided into three 

 categories, ist, minute pearl-shaped spots scarcely visible to 

 the naked eye. These are scattered like a cloud of specks 

 over the bod}^ and head, showing- no regular arrangement, 

 except on the ventral median line, where there are two rows 

 running along the whole length of the body, interrupted only 

 by the luminous glands at each side of the anal fin and by 

 the sub-caudal luminous glands. The)'- also form a ring 

 around the lower half of the orbit and a line inside the margin 

 of the mandible and part of the opercular edge. 2nd, larger 

 pearl-shaped spots quite visible to the naked eye and arranged 

 in rows chiefly along the ventral surface of the body. Their 

 distribution is as follows : 20 alternating- with the bases of 

 the 18 branchial rays, 21 between the isthmus and the ventral 

 fin, forming a line bent outwards towards the pectorals at the 

 7th and inwards at the i8th, where anotlier double series 

 begins, passes backwards between the ventrals and proceeds 

 in 2 almost parallel rows towards the tail, ending in front of 

 sub-caudal gland. They are not interrupted like the line of 

 smaller spots by the glands at either side of the anal fin, but 

 pass on the outer side, though very close to them. The 

 spots in this line number 35. l^xternal to this, and 

 almost on the side of the body, are two more prominent lines 

 of spots running in an almost straight line from about the 

 middle of the opercular opening backwards as far as the 3rd 

 ray of the caudal and numbering ;^-, in all. At the anterior 

 end of this series there is a single spot on the operculum at 

 the base of the small lobe already mentioned. The only other 

 luminous spot on the head region is one situated immediately 

 under the eye. It appears as a small protuberance of the 

 <lark skin, which, however, when drawn up is found to cover, 

 like an eyelid, a pearl-shaped organ similar to the others. 

 live openings, probably glandular, occur along the inferior 

 margin of the lower jaw, devoid of the pearl-shaped organ. 

 3rd, glandular organs, probably luminous in function. When 

 the fish was taken, these appeared as gelatinous pinkish 



