HBNDAHL, BIRDS TROM PANAMA, COSTA RICA AND NICARAGUA. 29 



This northern form has been placed differently in rela- 

 tion to the Southern C. flavicrissiis Scl. from western Ecuador. 

 Some authors found them unseparable from each other, others 

 have placed the birds from Colombia and Panama as a di.^ 

 stinct species (cfr. Salvin and Godman, Biol. Centr. Am. 

 Aves, I, 1886, p. 441). Ridgvvay foUovvs (Birds N. M. Am. 

 IT, 1902, p. J88) the latter way of arrangement (adopted by 

 Sharpe, Hand-List, V, 1909, p. 486) and says the northern 

 birds quite distinct from C, flavidicrissus, at least sub- 

 specifically, in being decidedly larger and having the yellow 

 ])atch on the wing conspicuously smaller. Unfortunately I 

 have no specimens from Ecuador for comparison, but as to 

 the size the present examples from Panama entirely agree 

 with those measured by Ridgway and belonging to C. vi- 

 iellinus. 



I can, however, not find any sufficient reason for se- 

 parating these forms as tvvo species on account of the dif- 

 ferences stated by Ridgway, but far more, \vith regard to 

 their distribution, it seems to me most convenient to in- 

 dicate them as subspecies, C. flavicrissus flavicrissiis Sclateb. 

 inhabiting Ecuador to western Peru, and C. flavicrissus vi- 

 tellinus Lawrence from Colombia and Panama. 



153. Cacicus microrhynchus Scl. et Salvin. ~ \ ^, 

 C. R., Talamanca, Sipurio, Sept. 5. 



154. Amblycercus holosericeus Ltcht. — 2 JJ", 1 $, 

 Nic, San Juan del Norte, March 29, Oct. 18, Nov. 1; 1 $ 

 (U. Z. M.), same locality, March 22. 



155. Agelaius phoeniceus sonoriensis Ridgway. — 

 i: J^c?, Nic, Rio Menco, Febr. 20. »Iris broAvn.» 



As Dr. Bovallius collected no females and only these 

 two males of the Red-wing, it is naturally almost impossible 

 to decide with absolute certainty, to which subspecies of 

 A. ^phoeniceus these birds are to be referred. 



Ridgway states (op. cit. II, 1902, p, 335) A. ph. rich- 

 mondi Nelson to be the only subspecies, that extends its 

 winter-range to Nicaragua and Costa Rica, and refers to this 

 the birds from San Carlos and Rio Frio, mentioned by Rich- 

 MOND (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. XVI, 1893, p. 496) as A, phoe- 

 niceus. 



