OF NEW SOUTH WALES. 71 



generic, and considering how many are absent from our species 

 I don't think we are justified in going further than Mr. 

 Woodward proposes, that is writing this species in future thus — 

 Littorina (Tectaria) pyramidalis, Quoy. 



The following Littorince (Tectaria) are described in Reeve and 

 Chenu possessing tubercles on the spire. The type is L. pagodus, 

 which resembles our shell in the granules being disposed in a 

 double line on the upper part of the body whorl, and in a single 

 line on the spire. L. hicolor is another very similar ; L. hullata, 

 Zanzibar, North Australia, and Reeve adds New Zealand, but 

 this is an error ; L. coronaria, Phillip Islands ; L. tectum persicum, 

 L. spinulosa, Singapore ; L. lemniscata, Cuba, but with L. 

 malaccana, Pulo-Penang, so like our L. pyramidalis that the 

 identity is strongly suspected by me. L. cumingii, Phillip 

 Islands ; L. dilatata, Cuba ; L. suhnodosa, Red Sea ; L. rmiricata, 

 West Africa, Cuba ; L. vilis, which Reeve gives as from New 

 Zealand, but Capt. Hutton assures me there is nothing like it. 

 It looks very much like a young specimen of our L. pyramidalis, 

 and considering that Reeve misquotes Quoy, and gives New 

 Zealand as the habitat of our shell instead of Van Dieman, we 

 may certainly erase L. vilis from our lists. * L. feejeeusis (?) 

 Feejee ; L. natalensis, Natal ; L. trochoides, hab. ? L. granosa, 

 Guinea. 

 To sum up the results of this paper my conclusions are : — 



1. That the Littorinidce of Australia so closely resemble the 

 genus Littorina of Europe that they cannot be generically 

 separated from it. 



2. That the genus Risella should be suppressed, as no perma- 

 nent generic character can be defined in it, and there is only 

 one species which is extremely variable. 



3. That the species known to some authors as Tectaria 

 pyramidalis is merely Littorina, with a double line of granules, 

 which feature does not entitle it to generic distinction, since it 

 shows it with many other species. If it be considered as belong- 

 ing to the sub-genus, it should be remembered that it is destitute 

 of many of the defined characters of Tectaria. 



* There are many mistakes in the habitats of Reeve, which strongly dispose one to think 

 that they arose from his regarding Van Dieman's Land as a part of New Zealand. 



