TRÄGÅRDH, MORPHOLOGY AND PHYLOGENY OF PARASITID^. 9 



in masses, in large capsules or spermatophores, and 



are extruded singly, and applied to the genital organ of the 

 female by the singnlar mandibles of the male, which are also 

 possibly used in lifting the large chitinous flap which covers 

 the female organs.» 



M. did not generalize his observations, but I think that 

 from the close adhering to a certain type, which we observe 



FJg. 13. 



Fig. 14. 



Fig. 15. 



Fig. 16. 



Parasitus fucorum DG. (after Trägårdh). 



Fig. 13. Chela inandibuli 9- Fig. 14. Same ef, with calcar X 230. 



Fig. 15. Leg II 9. Fig. 16. Leg II ef, with calcar and processe X 56. 



in so many of the genera with anterior J" genital aperture 

 we may conclude that their coition takes place in similar 

 way. It is in the light of M's discoveries that we must view 

 the position of the J* genital shield; it is obvious, that the 

 forward position of it is also a secondary adaptation for the 

 coition, as it is evidently closely connected with the use of 

 the mandibles in catching the spermatophorus sacs, on emer- 

 ging from the genital aperture; if the latter were situated 



