20 Annals of the South African Museum. 



there remains a part of the conglomerate in which it was embedded, 

 and which contains chips of jasper, the material of which it is made. 

 But in the Prieska, Kenhardt, Hay Districts (Cape Colony), imple- 

 ments of quartzite or diabasic rock are found of a shape and finish 

 rivalling those of Figs. 36, 37, 39, &c. Fig. 36 is made of banded 

 jasper ; 37 of crystalline quartzite ; 43 of diabase. The workmanship 

 is of so superior a type, apart from the material used, that it might 

 perhaps be ranged as a sub-type of the Orange, i.e., the Griqua. 



The composition of this Orange Eiver type is various ; it is 

 made of more or less coarse or sub-crystalline quartzite, of diabasic 

 rock often very deeply pitted and occasionally vesicular, banded 

 jasper, dolerite or aphanite, sometimes, but very seldom, chert 

 (Districts of Bedford, Alice, East London, Carnarvon, Kenhardt, 

 Prieska, Warrenton, Pniel, Vryburg, Modder Eiver, Smithfield, 

 Transkei, Pretoria, Witwatersrand, Potchefstroom, Vereeniging, 

 Swaziland) ; jasper (banded ironstone series), quartzite, felsite, 

 opaque vein quartz, diabase, granite, chalcedony in Southern 

 Ehodesia (Hartley and Charter Districts, Zambesi Eiver) ; chalce- 

 dony also or other silicious rocks in N'Gamiland, and Bechuanaland 

 Vryburg, Morokwen, Maf eking, &c. 



Near Pniel and Warrenton, on the Vaal Eiver, the paleeoliths, made 

 either of dolerite or diabasic rock, are worn so smooth that some 

 might, on a superficial examination, appear to have been artificially 

 polished (Figs. 53, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60) ; the nearly oblong example 

 (Fig. 43) from Calvinia in the Cape Colony is quite smooth ; but in 

 Figs. 53 and 61, the latter from Prieska, a faint contour of the 

 chipping is retained, showing thus that the smoothness is not due to 

 an intentional polishing of these artefacts. 



Some of these Vaal and Harts' Eiver Valley bouchers, as well as 

 some from the Transkei, are often of a very large size and quite equal 

 in that respect to the Stellenbosch. Generally they are of a better 

 finish, but it must be remembered that in all likelihood only the best 

 implements are picked by the casual collector. 



On the whole, and in spite of the differences mentioned, the facies 

 or general appearance of these two, or perhaps three types is 

 astonishingly alike, as the following examples will prove. Fig. 29 

 is that of a rough, massive implement made of quartzite, and was 

 found in the Tulbagh District of the Cape Colony. A part of the 

 original rounded surface of the boulder from which it was made 

 has been retained. It is a very unwieldy tool, and very heavy. 



Fig. 30 comes from the Charter District of Southern Ehodesia. It 

 is almost a replica of Fig. 29, and is made of impure jasper ; a part 



