{ 35 ) 



CHAPTEE V. 



Weee Tools othee than Bouchers Manufactured by the 

 Makers of Pal^oliths ? 



It remains a moot question whether or not the Chellean boucher, 

 which so many of ours resemble, was the only manufactured im- 

 plement of that period, leaving out of account the flakes or chips 

 that resulted from the paring of the same — the by-pi'oduct, so to 

 say, of this lithic industry ; a by-product which is very rarely 

 associated both in Europe, and in many cases here also, with the 

 finished or unfinished tool. 



It is, however, safe to conclude that in the case of the Chellean 

 era the bi-facial boucher was the predominating, but not the exclusive 

 tool. On the other hand, the Acheulean type is often found together 

 with the Mousterian, and with the latter' s concomitants of "points," 

 "scrapers," " graving tools," &c. 



In the chapter dealing with the process of manufacture of the 

 South African palaeoliths I have gone into details which seem to 

 show that on the shape of the first fracture of the pebble the ultimate 

 object, cleaver or pick, probably depended. But although the forcible 

 impact of a boulder, or of a large pebble against another, was the pre- 

 liminary step for fashioning the tool, smaller stones more appropriate 

 to the purpose, such as minor fabricating tools, would be required to 

 give, when desired, to a boucher of the type of Figs. 1 to 4, PL I., 

 these finishing touches, such as facet-flaking or edge-paring, which 

 so clearly imply that a sense of esthetics prevailed over that of mere 

 utility with some at least of the primitive makers. 



Flakees, Paring Tools. 



The two first-mentioned tools are seldom found in South Africa 



with the completed objects. Finishing tools they may be called 



where the Chellean- or Acheulean -type bouchers are concerned, 



fabricators where the comparatively thin, lanciform, lamellate scraper 



