The Stone Ages of South Africa. 37 



occur together with other and smaller products of a lithic industry 

 of a doubtful date or period. 



As far as my experience goes, they have seldom been found in a 

 situation which incontrovertibly proves them to have been associated 

 with bouchers of the old-fashioned Chellean type. 



They all bear marks of use. Some are so weathered that the faces 

 are partly disintegrated. Fig. 102, PI. XII., is from East London, 

 Cape Colony ; Fig. 103 from Douglas, also in the Cape Colony — 

 localities far remote. 



They are each made from an igneous rock that would, from its 

 texture, become more pitted after an equally prolonged exposure 

 than, for instance, the lydianite tools (Figs. 88, 91, 92, 97), but the 

 abrading process in these two examples, although probably due to 

 dissimilar actions, has resulted in the same worn appearance. 

 Fig. 102 is from the banks of the Buffalo Eiver, East London (Cape 

 Colony), and is one of the few for which a connection with a river 

 terrace may perhaps be claimed. The under surface has become 

 quite granulate ; the upper is considerably pitted. Fig. 103, found 

 under a shallow layer of soil, if not actually on the open, is even 

 more worn or pitted than Fig. 102. 



We possess from the cave-shelters of Knysna (Eob Berg) a lanci- 

 form implement of quartzite, exhibiting traces of weathering equal 

 to that of these two examples. 



Worked on one side only, and always without any traces of 

 secondary trimming, most of the lamellate tools were originally 

 flakes produced in the shaping of a large tool, as the convex under- 

 face shows ; and it is most probably by means of these flakes turned 

 into flakers that the spokeshave-like scraper-knives seen in Figs. 88, 

 89, 100 were detached from the nuclei. This curious bend or curve 

 plainly indicates that the flakes were obtained by percussion from 

 an already convex or naturally rounded boulder. 



But, whereas the very great age of flakers similar to Figs. 102 and 

 103 cannot for a moment be doubted, while that of Figs. 91, 92, 93, 

 97, owing to their well-preserved appearance, remains doubtful, 

 the same cannot be said of Figs. 90 or 91, PI. XI. Made of a 

 surface quartzite that seems to be restricted to the western part of 

 the Cape Colony, from Cape Town to Namaqualand, they are con- 

 nected with implements of small or moderate size, some of which 

 are the nearest approach to a Solatrian type as yet discovered in 

 South Africa (Figs. 110 to 111, PI. XIV.), and with others which 

 are of very recent date, comparatively, as will be explained. 



Yet, the primitiveness of these fabricators is about equal to that 



