The Sto7ie Ages of South Africa. 53 



tative collection of stone implements discovered by him in the 

 neighbourhood of that town. I give here his answers to some 

 questions I put him — questions which are well indicated by his 

 answers. I must, however, preface his response by explaining that 

 the " lai'ge tools" are palaeoliths varying from 6 in. to 8 in. in 

 length, made of a hard shale indurated by the intrusion of dolerite. 

 Some pieces are tongue-shaped, sharply pointed at apex, while 

 others are more irregular ; the flaking is very crude in most 

 examples, and the cleavers plainly of a coarse style of manufacture. 

 Although chipping has been carried round the butt in some examples, 



Fig. 2.— View looking towards Fish Eiver and tirst Kranz, 3 miles north of 



Cradock. 



in a few others the contour of the original pebble is retained, much 

 as in the Stellenbosch type ; but as a rule these bouchers are less 

 bulging at the centre.* 



They have a greyish patina that contrasts greatly with the black 

 colour of the shale, but they have not been smoothed artificially 

 either by water action or by very long exposure. A few pieces are 

 not patinated at all. 



The " Bushman tools " are somewhat of the Aurignacian-Solutrian- 

 type scrapers, bevelled at one end by secondary chipping, as figured 



* It seems, however, that I have not seen the " best finished implements," only 

 photographs of some of them, but the latter are quite instructive enough. 



