The Stone Ages of South Africa. 69 



somewhat roughly worked on both sides. This midden is of the 

 Strand-Looper type, and no Chellean-Mousterian boucher has as 

 yet been found the connection of which with the midden is 

 indubitable. 



The evidence afforded by the presence of this midden may and 

 probably does account for the presence of these high-type flakes, as 

 well as for that of the mortars and pounders, such middens never 

 being without an abundance of them and some containing objects 

 quite modern. 



The flakes were probably made and the debris of the industry 

 deposited at the time when the hill, which commands even now a 

 good view of the whole valley, was partially uncovered, after a long 

 period of erosion. Being much lighter, and some even of incon- 

 siderable weight, they, as well as the potsherds, found their way 

 with a rapidity appropriate to their size and weight to the level 

 which the Chellean-Mousterian bouchers had reached before them. 

 It must be remembered that no boucher was found on the furthest 

 point of the uncovered floor of the dune, and also that about one mile 

 further, and close to an existent lagoon, quite a number of mortars 

 but no bouchers were found. This seems to point to the fact that 

 the people that made the mortars and the pottery were not 

 necessarily the manufacturers of the Chellean-Mousterian palaeoliths. 



The " East London " Deposit. 



The late Mr. George McKay, of East London, has left some very 

 interesting notes on the occurrence of stone implements at or near 

 the mouth of the Buffalo Eiver at East London, Cape Colony, and, 

 were his premises correct, we could conclude that the relics found 

 there must represent an enormous lapse of time. 



We are greatly indebted to Mr. John Wood, of East London, for 

 a very representative collection of these local implements. 



The finds consist of scraper-knives, mullers, perforated stones, and 

 potsherds, i.e., in many instances the usual domestic appliances of 

 shell -mounds along our coasts. 



I may state, however, that the scraper-knife flakes, long or 

 of moderate size, found there, are, with very few exceptions, the 

 most wrorn of the South African implements of that kind that I have 

 seen. Fig. 102 of PI. XII. is a case in point, and although the finds 

 sent do not include bouchers these scraper-knives or flakers belong 

 certainly to the South African palaeolithic, but Mr. Wood adds : — 



" The biggest implement I found here was a wedge-shaped one, 



