166 Annals of the Sotith African Museum. 



the caves or rock-shelters of West- or East-Griqualand, Ehodesia, 

 &c., are very primitive indeed, whether these caves contain paint- 

 ings or not (c/. Figs. 133, 134, 135, 136, PI. XVII.). In Griqua- 

 land-West we have — but not well authenticated — a few pounders 

 and !kwes, in Rhodesia none has been found. They may be dis- 

 covered ultimately, but they are not known, so far, to occir 

 there. 



In the Orange Eiver Colony, however, we find a connection with 

 the culture of the littoral. The bone bodkins (Fig. 195, PI. XXVI.) 

 are not unlike those from the Tzitzikama-Outeniqua caves, but 

 they are not so well finished ; the flattened appearance of the two 

 examples on the right of the Fig,, which show a great deal 

 of usage, point, however, to another pursuit — that of mat-making. 

 The ornaments are also of another style (Figs. 206, 207, PI. XXVII.), 

 &c. There is a distinction, perhaps more apparent than real ; 

 but nevertheless, on the whole, the culture shows retrogression. 



The following is the inventory of the domestic appliances of a 

 rock-shelter cave found between Wepener and Dewetsdorp, in the 

 Orange River Colony. They were presented to the Museum by 

 Mr. John Wood, and are illustrated in PI. XXV., Figs. 185, 188, 190, 

 191, 192. 



Two bone points (Nos. 6 and 7 in Fig. 185), are made of 

 ostrich bone : fig. 7 is blunt at tip, but had plainly been sharp once ; 

 fig. 8 is pointed, and the point corresponds with the groove in the 

 small fragment of stone (No. 2) ; there is another fragment (No. 13) 

 bearing two grooves, one of which was intended for producing a 

 sharp point, judging from its smaller diameter. Nos. 8 and 10 are 

 tiny scraper-knives, and 9 is an agate core from which No. 10 was 

 produced. Nos. 4 and 12 represent horn cores, the tip of bush-buck 

 horns ; in addition there is a partly charred stick of the thick- 

 ness of a pencil. No. 5 is a very small muller or brader, and 

 No. 1 a naturally rounded pebble that shows no trace of usage. 

 No. 11 is undoubtedly the most effective implement among these 

 domestic appliances. It is a piece of flat stone of which the 

 crescent-shaped upper part has been artificially ground into a 

 sharp cutting edge. 



Whether due to exposure or to age, the horn cores and also the 

 bone awls show signs of extreme decay; the awls having become 

 very brittle and the horn cores very much split and grooved. 



Pottery of four kinds was also found in this rock-shelter. 

 Fig. 190 represents two fragments with decorative patterns. In 

 No. 1 the incisions could have been produced by means of the 



