238 



The Biochemistry of Semen 



Seminal plasma {contd.) — 

 amino acids and enzymes, lll- 

 23; lipids, 130-3; fructose, 135-59; 

 nitrogenous bases, 160-82; citric 

 acid, 183-8; inositol, 189-92 



Seminal stains, detection, 163-8 



Seminal vesicles, secretory func- 

 tion, 15-24, 35-8, 191; amino 

 acids, 113; phosphatases, 120-2; 

 lipid, 131-3; fructose, 137-8, 

 142; choline, 167-73; ergothio- 

 neine, 175-6; citric acid, 184-8; 

 inositol, 190-2; role in coagula- 

 tion, 29 



Seminiferous epithelium {see also 

 spermatogenesis), 4, 59, 94 



Senescence, 12, 73-9, 83 



Serine, 85, 106, 113 



Sertoli cells, glycogen, 5; lipids, 6 



Snail, sperm nucleic acid, 104 



Sodium, 18, 21, 32-3, 36, 43, 188 



Specific gravity, 7-8, 42-3 



Spermatheca, 9 



Spermatic veil ('floating cap'), 12 



Spermatids, origin, 1-4; glycogen, 5 



Spermatin (spermine), 161 



Spermatocytes, basophilic cyto- 

 plasm, 1-4; glycogen, 5; lipid, 6 



Spermatogenesis, accompanying 

 chemical phenomena, 4-8, 109; 

 onset, 62, 140-1, 186; length, 

 178-9; dependence on hormones, 

 nutrition and other factors, 62, 

 66-7, 72, 143, 148-9; after 

 irradiation, 59 



Spermatogonia, 4-6 



Spermatophore, 9 



Spermatozoa, 1-15, 38-45; separa- 

 tion and disintegration, 83-8; 

 metabolism, 45-54, 117, 128-33, 

 151-9, 177-8; nucleic acid and 

 proteins, 83-123; lipids, 125-30 



Spermatozoids in mosses and ferns, 

 71-2 



Sperm-density, species characteris- 

 tics, 1-2, 31-6, 82; relation to 



other properties and metabolism 

 of semen, 39-53, 138, 193 



Sperm-egg interacting substances, 

 69-72 



Sperm-head, 10-13, 85-6, 94, 98- 

 110, 126 



Spermicidal substances, 50, 54-8, 

 79-80, 97-8 



Spermidine, 166-7 



Spermine, 2, 160-8 



Sperm-lysin, 71, 95-6 



Sperm-maturation, see ripening 



Sperm-membrane, 13, 110 



Sperm middle-piece,5eemiddle-piece 



Sperm-rich fraction, 35-8 



Sperm-ripening, see ripening 



Sperm-tail, 10, 14-15, 85-7, 124-6 



Spermosin, 14 



Sphingomyelin, 124 



Spiral body, 14, 126 



Split-ejaculate method, use in 

 semen analysis, 35-8 



Staining methods, 12-13, 39, 60, 63, 

 100-1, 126 



Stallion reproductive organs, cho- 

 line, 168; citric acid, 184 



Stallion semen, volume and dens- 

 ity, 2; abnormalities, 11; physico- 

 chemical properties, 41-4; frac- 

 tions, 38; gelation, 28; composi- 

 tion, 32-3; androgen content, 69; 

 citric acid, 184; fructose, 32, 136; 

 choline, 170; creatine and creati- 

 nine, 180; freezing and dilution 

 effects, 63, 78 



Starfish sperm, 92, 114 



Sterility, see fertility 



Steroids in semen and reproductive 

 organs, 6, 67-9, 86, 124-5, 130-3; 

 urinary excretion, 62 



Stichopus diabole (sea-cucumber), 

 sperm nucleic acid, 104 



Stilboestrol, 144-5 



Storage of sperm, in the epididymis, 

 6-7; in the female tract, 8-9; with 

 diluents, 79-82 



