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THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
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Umber Moths—continued. 
Umber (see Fig. 142), and H. aurantiaria, or the Scarce 
Umber. The latter species, despite its popular name, is 
be no means rare, while the former is abundant; though 
neither species is often seen, giz to the perfect insects 
appearing towards the end of “autumn, and being nocturnal 
in their habits. The females have only stumps of wings, 
and, being totally unable to fly, they have to crawl up 
the tree trunks to lay their eggs on the buds. The males 
have large, conspicuous wings, and fly in search of the 
females. The two species of Umber Moths are nearly 
alike in size and form, but differ in colours and markings. 
Fig. 142. MorrLED UMBER MOTH (HYBERNIA 
showing Male, Female, and Larva. 
. The Mottled Umber has the body brown, with two rows 
of dark spots on the back of the abdomen. The fore wings 
of the male are usually pale brown, with two dark brown, 
rather irregular cross-bands, and a dark central spot, and the 
hind wings are paler, with a brown central spot. In some 
males, the wings are reddish-brown, closely sprinkled with 
darker dots, and other variations are not rare. The larva 
feeds on almost all kinds of trees. It is cylindrical, and 
rather slender, with six true legs in front, and four prolegs 
or claspers behind. The back is brown, bordered on each 
side by a narrow, waved, black band, and crossed by grey 
markings. The sides are bright yellow; but the spiracles 
are white, and are surrounded by brown spots. 
The Scarce Umber Moth has the body orange-brown, 
with darker spots, as in the other species. The fore wings 
of the male are dull orange, with three darker narrow 
eross-bars, two near the base, and the other beyond the 
middle. Beyond the latter, near the margin, is a row of 
brownish spots. The hind wings are paler, and all the 
wings have a dark central dot. The larva feeds on White- 
thorn, and occasionally on Oak and Birch. It is at first 
deep yellow, but when full fed it is dark dusky-green, with 
a pale brown stripe down the middle of the back. 
The pup:e of both species are protected in slight cocoons 
on the surface of the ground. 
Remedies. The females are unable to fly on to the trees; 
and they may be prevented from crawling up if a ring of 
tar and cart-grease, mixed in equal parts, is painted on 
the trunk near the ground, or on a belt of cloth or paper, 
or on a straw rope, fastened around the tree. The larvæ 
» 
DEFOLIARIA), 
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Umber Moths—continued. 
may be shaken off by jarring the branches, and should be 
collected on sheets of cloth or paper and destroyed. All 
surface rubbish that could shelter the pupæ should be 
cleared off. 
UMBILICATE. Navel-like ; depressed in the centre. 
UMBILICUS. Included under Cotyledon (which 
8ee). š 
UMBONATE. Round, with a projecting point in the 
centre, like the boss or umbo of an ancient shield ; e.g., the 
pileus of many Agarics. 
UMBRACULIFORM.  Umbrella-shaped. 
UMBRELLA LEAF. See Diphylleia 
cymosa. 
UMBRELLA PINE, or PARASOL 
FIR. See Sciadopitys verticillata. 
UMBRELLA PLANT. See Saxifraga 
peltata. 
UMBRELLA TREE. See Magnolia 
Umbrella and Thespesia populnea. 
UMBRELLAWORT. See Oxybaphus. 
' UNANUEA. A synonym of Stemodia 
(which see). 
UNARMED. Destitute of prickles, spines, 
or other hard projections; pointless. 
UNCARIA (from uncus, a hook; the old 
petioles are converted into hooked  spines). 
Svws. Agylophora, Owrowparia. ORD. Ru- 
biacem. A genus comprising about thirty 
species of stove, climbing shrubs, all tropical 
Asiatic, except one African and one American. 
Flowers yellowish, in globose, axillary, pedun- 
culate, solitary or paniculate heads; calyx tube 
spindle-shaped, the limb five-lobed or parted; 
corolla tube long, funnel-shaped, the limb of 
five valvate lobes; stamens five, on the glabrous 
throat of the corolla; peduncles often headless, 
converted into hooked tendrils. Leaves op- 
posite, shortly petiolate; stipules entire or bifid. U. 
Gambier, the only species calling for description here, 
thrives in a compost of loam, sand, and peat. Propaga- 
tion may be effected by cuttings, inserted in sand, under 
a glass, in heat. 
V. € Gambier (Gambier). 
+. nt. 
Gambier Catechu. f. pedicellate ; 
yx š żin. long; peduncles all axillary, 
bracteate in the middle, rarely more than lin. long. May. ` 
l. ovate or ovate-lanceolate, obtusely sub-caudate or acuminate, 
4in. to bin. long, coriaceous, glabrous. h.10ft. India, 1825. The 
> vua commerce is obtained from this species. (B. M. Pl. 
UNCARIA (of Burchell). A synonym of Harpago- 
phytum (which see). 
UNCATE, UNCIFORM, UNCINATE. Bent or 
curved at the tip like a hook. 
UNCIFERA (from uncus, a hook, and fero, to bear; 
alluding to the curved process to which the pollen 
masses are attached). ORD. Orchidew. A small genus 
(three species) of stove, epiphytal Orchids, natives of 
Khasya. Flowers rather small or mediocre, very shortly 
pedicellate, in lateral, dense, spike-like racemes; sepals 
sub-equal, free; petals similar or rather smaller; lip 
affixed to the base of the column, the base produced in a 
rather long, curved spur; lateral lobes small, the middle 
one entire or slightly three-lobed; pollen masses two. 
Leaves distichous; sheaths persistent, clothing the stem. 
U. heteroglossa, the only species introduced, is mainly 
S age interest. It thrives on a block or ina . 
et. 
