THE DICTIONARY 
oF GARDENING, 
| — Utrieularia—continued. 
petioles, Roots of ovoid, stalked, hollow, green tubers, jin. to 
sin. long. West Indies, 1871. Stove one, (B. M. 5923; 
r. d. S. 1942; F. M. n. s. 83; G. C. 1871, 1039; I. H. n. s. 64.) 
U. m. rosea (pink) A garden synonym of U. Endresii. 
n (neglected) fl. pale yellow; upper lip of corolla 
exceeding the palate; scape very slender. June to August. 
l. smaller than those of U. vulgaris, rather remote, nearly 
orbicular; segments entire. Stems capillary, 6in. to 8in. long. 
Europe (Britain) (Sy. En. B. 1125 bis.) 
U. reniformis (kidney-shaped) J. rose-coloured, with two 
darker-coloured lines, lin. to l4in. across ` scape LAT, to 2ft. long, 
many - flowered. l. reniform, sometimes šin. across; petioles 
6in. to 12in. long. Brazil, &c., 1886. A gigantic species. 
(common). /. yellow ; corolla Jin. to Zin. long, with 
r; scape 4in. to 8in. long, two to eight-flowered. 
July and August. /. spreading, jin. to lin. long, broadly ovate, 
innately multifid ; segments remotely toothed ; pitchers at the 
ee and upon the leaf segments, jin. to jin. long, shortly 
stalked, Stems 6in. to 18in. long, leafy. Europe (Britain), &c. 
(Sy. En. B. 1125.) 
UTRICULARIEJZE. Included under Lentibulariee. 
UVARIA (from wva, a cluster of grapes; alluding 
to the fruits of some of the species). ORD. Anonacee. 
A genus embracing about thirty-five species of stove, 
climbing or sarmentose shrubs or under-shrubs, found in 
tropical Africa and Asia. Flowers yellow, purple, or 
brown, hermaphrodite, terminal or leaf:opposed, rarely 
axillary ; sepals three, often connate below, broad, valvate ; 
petals six, imbricated in two rows, sometimes connate at 
base; stamens indefinite. Leaves alternate, entire, ex- 
stipulate. Several species formerly included here are 
now referred to other genera. U. Kirkii is a medium- 
sized under-shrub, and U. zeylanica a large, woody 
climber. Both thrive in a compost of sandy loam and 
peat. Cuttings of the ripened wood will root in sand, 
under a glass, in heat. 
ig ap uM X, wi ml ETS 
v . October. i. ljin. to 5in. long, the young ones 
ng, and very rusty beneath, the old ones oblong, 
obtuse or acute, glabrous beneath or with scattered hairs on 
the midrib; petioles very short. Branchlets ferruginousl 
hairy. A. Si to att. Zanzibar, 1868.: (B. M. 6006) C UU Y 
U. zeylanica, sean ap dull red, solitary or twin, lin. in 
diameter ; Ge an jin. long, tomentose. M: l. lanceolate 
a Zen -lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 24in. to 3sin. long, 
EI 
h. 20ft. Ceylon, &c., 1794. 
r green on the upper side, red or pale beneath. 
UVULARIA (from vvula, a diminutive of uva, a 
grape, or bunch of grapes; in allusion to the form of the 
fruit). Bellwort. Including Oakesia (of Watson). D. 
Liliaceæ. A small genus (four or five species) of hardy, 
bulbous plants, natives of North America. Flowers 
solitary or twin at the tips of the branchlets, on rather 
long, pendulous pedicels; perianth usually pale yellow, 
campanulate, deciduous, the segments distinct, erect, o 
spreading above, the outer ones foveolate within at H 
base ; stamens six. Leaves alternate, sessile or perfoliate, 
ovate or lanceolate. The species thrive in a light, sandy 
soil, and may be increased by divisions. All flower in 
spring. 
U. flava (yellow). A variety of U. perfoliata. 
U. grandiflora (large-flowered).* jl. one to three, on pedicels Ji 
to jin. long; perianth 1lin. to lin: long, the EE, 
acute, three to four lines broad ; anthers six to eight lines long. 
t Ze U ur wu oo. og a 2in. to 4in. long. 
a of U. perfoliata, but rather 
(B. M. 1112; S. E. B. i. 51.) 4 — 
U. lanceolata (lanceolate-leaved), A form of U. perfoliata. 
U. perfoliata (perfoliate). A. one or few, drooping, terminal: 
perianth jin. to ER long, the segments Gen Zo Lm 
papillose within. “L six to twelve, perfoliate, oblong, sub-acute 
membranous, ljin. to An. long, green above, paler beneath. 
Stems forked above. A. nearly ft. 1710. (B. M. 955; S. E. B. i. 
49.) U. flava (S. E. B. i. 50) is a variety with larger and deeper- 
coloured flowers. U. lanceolata is merely a narrow-leaved form. 
UAM (puberulous). få few, terminal or axi 
SSES jin. long; perianth nearly lin. long, Lax to 
1 
Uvularia— continued. 
fifteen, oblong, sessile, ljin. to 2in. long, acute or cuspidate, 
firmer than in the other species, green on both sides, the mar- 
ins ciliated. Stem nearly lft. high, with two to four branches. 
feza. (S. B. F. G. ser. ii. 21.) 
U. rosea (rosy). A synonym of Streptopus roseus. 
U. sessilifolia (sessile-leaved).* jl. one to three, axillary or ter- 
minal, on pedicels jin. to gin. "- perianth gin. to lin. long, 
the segments lanceolate. J. six to fifteen, oblong, sessile, mem- 
branous, acute, lšin. to 3in. long, narrowed at base, slightly 
glaucous below. Stem glabrous, nearly or quite lit. high 
branches two to four. 1790. (B. M. 1402; L. B C. 1262; S. E. B. 
i 52. 
, 
d 
VACCARIA. Included under Saponaria (which see). 
VACCINIACEJZE. A natural order of erect or pros- f 
trate shrubs or small trees, often epiphytal, usually 
inhabiting North temperate regions, but many are South 
American and Indian; they also occur in Asia, Africa, 
Madagascar, and Australia. Flowers hermaphrodite, 
variously disposed; calyx tube adnate to the ovary, the 
limb five, rarely four to seven, parted; corolla gamo- 
petalous, globose, campanulate, tubular, or inflated, five, 
rarely four to seven, lobed, or very rarely four or five- 3 
parted, the lobes imbricated, rarely valvate; stamens twice ` 
as many as, or rarely equalling in number, the corolla 
lobes, epigynous or adhering towards the base of th 
corolla; filaments free or connate; anthers two-celled. ` 
Fruit baccate, rarely drupaceous, or dry, often very 
fleshy. Leaves alternate or scattered, occasionally di- 
stichous, sessile or petiolate, usually evergreen, entire, 
crenated, or serrated, the teeth sometimes glanduliferous. 
The berries’ of Vaccinium and Oxycoccus are acid, sweet, 
and slightly astringent ; preserves are made of them, and 
in some countries they are used as anti-scorbutics. The 
order embraces twenty-six genera, and about 320 species. 
Examples: Cavendishia, Psammisia, Themistoclesia, Thi- 
baudia, and Vaccinium. 
VACCINIUM (the old Latin name, used by Virgil and 
Pliny). Bilberry; Blueberry; Cranberry; Huckleberry. 
Including Epigyniwm (in part) ORD. Vaecciniacem. A 
large genus (about 100 species) of mostly hardy, branched 
shrubs, rarely trees, very rarely epiphytal, inhabiting North 
temperate regions and tropical mountains. Flowers white, 
pink, or red, disposed in axillary or terminal racemes or 
axillary fascicles, rarely solitary, often bracteate and 
bibracteolate ; calyx tube terete, globose, hemispherical, or 
turbinate, the limb of four or five short, very rarely un- 
equal lobes; corolla urceolate, campanulate, or rarely 
nearly tubular or conical, terete, very rarely ribbed or 
angled, the limb of four or five short, rarely elongated and 
revol lobes or teeth; stamens eight or ten, free, or 
shortly adhering at the base of the corolla tube; filaments 
short elongated, often hairy; anthers awned on the 
back or awnless; bracts sometimes foliaceous. Berry 
globose, four or five (or apparently eight or ten) celled, 
the cells few or many-seeded. Leaves persistent, rarely 
membranous or deciduous, often thickly coriaceous, 
entire or serrated. All the Vacciniums require peat; 
the hardy ones thriving in any fairly damp, peat border. 
They may be propagated most readily from seeds, sown 
under glass, in spring, and the seedlings gradually 
hardened off when large enough. The greenhouse species ` 
should be placed in the open air during the summer 
months, in order to get their wood well ripened, The 
best-known species are here described. Except where 
otherwise indicated, they are hardy, deciduous shrubs, ` 
from North America; the flowers appear in spring, and ` 
the berries, which are sweetish or sometimes acid, and 
mostly edible, ripen in summer or autumn. Cas 
e cage (white-flowered). A synonym of V. os ' 
V. amoenum (pleasing). A variety of V. corymbosum. ` 
