A 
ER 
164 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Vine — continued. i 
rubbish or broken bricks, a small portion of charcoal, 
wood ashes, or burnt soil, and about 2ewt. of iin. ground 
bones. These ingredients, well mixed, will constitute the 
main body of the soil to be used, modified in proportions 
according to the character of the loam. If the loam used 
EELER 
2 Deet 
DEA 
nia 
Vine—continued. 
the soil, but also for the prevention of evaporation, 
whereby a greater and more constant degree of humidity 
may be maintained. Covering Vine borders, excepting 
where very early grapes are required, is unnecessary. 
Watering is one of the most. important operations; per- 
Fic. 181. SECTION OF LEAN-TO VINERY AND OF VINE BORDER. 
be of a sandy nature, less of the lime rubbish will be 
required, as the main object in using this is to give 
porosity to the soil. The top-dressing of Vine borders is of 
"great importance, and should be attended to every season; 
the greater the quantity of fresh soil that can be given, 
the better, especially after the Vines have got into heavy 
pings. The soil used for this may be of a somewhat 
richer character than that recommended for the formation 
of the border. As much of the old soil should be taken 
away as can be afforded, and new soil added; or, if 
the soil cannot be removed, a dressing of some kind of 
manure should be given, and lightly forked into the 
border before the Vines commence to grow, in spring. 
Manures. For the growth of Vines 
nearly all soils require the addition of 
some fertilising ingredients—some kind —— buch t EL QE KE. d d 
of manure. Farmyard manure is fre- gg et SE - cu I L t 
g ł : 
haps more Vines are ruined through want of water than 
from any other cause. During the growing season, Vines 
ean scarcely receive an over-supply. Inside borders re- 
quire special care and attention in this respect, as they 
. receive no benefit from the rains, and are directly and 
entirely under the control of the cultivator. When the 
fruit is ripe, à somewhat drier condition should be main- 
tained, but it is not desirable to allow the soil to ` 
become very dry even then. 
Planting. Vines may be planted at any season of 
the year, provided all the requisite conditions be fulfilled. 
October is a very good period, the soil then being 
generally in good condition: the roots commence to 
` quently used ; but, as this rapidly decays, lp lH "ln mit WH 
its influence is soon exhausted: it can pais ie aw LT X LIP L HL | i JH T 
only be recommended for mulching or "UU IV JTU U dari vi "vn FEM Ade Wi 
ing. Bones, as containing phos- Kos = — ås -= Pah WES 
phate of lime, constitute one of the best 
manurial ingredients for mixing with the 
soil; being slow to decay, they continue 
to afford sustenance for many years. 
Large, unbroken bones are next to use- 
less. Bone-meal, dissolved bones, and = - = 
horn-shavings are all valuable ingredients | t 
of a similar character presented in a i "T 
more readily available form, and, con- 
sequently, more immediately effective. 
Potash manures are of special value to 
Vines: a mixture of iewt. of super- 
phosphate to lewt. of nitrate of potash, 
applied at the rate of llb. to the square yard, has been | 
found highly beneficial A very excellent prepared, or 
what is termed “artificial” manure, now largely used, is 
. Thomson’s Vine Manure. Mulching is very necessary in 
hot, dry seasons, not only as a means of enrichment to 
rats = = — == Sg = = — 
SSS SSS SSS ee = 
FIG. 182. WALL-TRAINING OF VINES. 
grow a little, and get, to some extent, established before 
j g. January and February are another good season. 
Tn planting ripened Vines, care should be taken to shake 
out all the soil from the roots, and to spread these fully 
_ out as near to the surface as possible. Another method 
eg 
