206 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Werneria—continued. 
mediocre, heterogamous; involucre broadly campanulate 
or hemispherical, with one series of bracts; receptacle 
flat or convex, naked; ray florets pink, yellow, or white, 
in one series, ligulate; disk yellow; achenes oblong or 
turbinate. Leaves radical or clustered on the stem, entire 
or rarely toothed or pinnatisect. Only one species is 
known to gardeners. It thrives in light soil, and may be 
increased by division of the roots. 
frigi igi - i dun- 
k y E eae: 
L stellate, imbricated, linear, obtuse. A. 9in. Quito, 1828. 
WESTERN YEW. Se Taxus brevifolia. 
WEST INDIAN COCKSPUR. Se Pisonia 
aculeata. 
WEST INDIAN MUGWORT. See Parthenium 
Hysterophorus. 
WESTRINGIA (named in honour of J. P. Westring, 
a physician to the King of Sweden). ORD. Labiate. A 
genus comprising about eleven species of greenhouse 
shrubs, broadly dispersed over extra-tropical Australia. 
Flowers all axillary or rarely in terminal, leafy heads, with 
a pair of bracts under the calyx, usually very small and 
sometimes obsolete; calyx campanulate, five-toothed ; 
corolla with a short tube, usually hairy inside, and a 
dilated throat, the upper lip erect but fiat and broadly 
two-lobed, the lower one spreading, three-lobed; two upper 
stamens perfect, the two lower ones. sterile. Leaves in 
whorls of three, four, or rarely more. 
species are here described. They thrive in any light, rich 
soil. Propagation may be readily effected by young 
cuttings, inserted in sand, under a glass. 
W. angustifolia (narrow-leaved). A synonym oí W. rigida. 
` W. cinerea (grey) A form of W. rigida. 
W. Dampieri (Dampiers) fi. white, nearly sessile, about the 
size of those of W. rosmariniformis, but the corolla more hirsute. 
September. Z. in whorls of four, or very rarely three, on the side 
— mas — EK SE — jin. long, smooth 
or scabrous above, often hoa eneath. h. several feet. 1803. 
(B. M 3308.) = 
W. eremicola (desert-loving). . pale blue, rather small 
usually distant; calyx hoary; corolla pubescent. June. /. usually 
in whorls of three, narrow-linear, acute or mucronate, rarely 
above jin. long. Branches erect, often twiggy, more or less 
hoary or silky-pu 1825. (B. M. 5438; B. R. 1481, 
bescent. A, 3ft. 
under name of W. longifolia.) 
W. longifolia (long-leaved) fl. lilac, rather small, axillary ; 
corolla pubescent outside, the tube usually exceeding the ec 
A Ve i d in whorls of three, narrow-linear, mostly 
ve lin, lo e margins somewhat 1 
e Bier? at m gi revolute or nearly flat. 
. rigida (rigid). /. as in W. Dampieri. l. mostly in who: 
of three, but here and there four, linear, obtuse CU 
acute, d, with much-revolute margins, usually glabrous above 
when full-grown, and either smooth and shining or scabrous 
with minute tubercles, hoary beneath. A. 3ft. 1823. Syn 
` W. angustifolia. W. cinerea is a more hoary form. (B. M. 2307.) 
W. rosmariniformis (Rosemary-like).* Victorian Rosem: 
Ji. pale blue, almost sessile, all axillary ; corolla Dbescent ont: 
side. July. I in whorls of four, ob Dies vw to linear 
acute or obtuse, Jin. to lin. long, coriaceous, glabrous and shining 
above, hoary or silvery-white beneath, the margins recurved 
or revolute. h. several feet. 1791. (A. B. 
of W. rosmarinacea.) bs lyre wes 
WEST WIND, FLOWER OF THE. See 
anthes. 
WEYMOUTH PINE. See Pinus Strobus. 
WHANGEE OR WANGHEE CANE. 
lostachys nigra. 
WHEAT. See Triticum vulgare. 
WHEAT, BUCK. See Fagopyrum esculentum. 
WHEAT, GUINEA OR TURKEY. 
Mays. 
W$. Wheelbarrows are 
the most essential of garden requisites, and are Gei 
| 
| 
Wheelbarrows—continued. 
in daily use. The common Box-barrow with broad wheel * 
is that in general use, and is best adapted for wheeling 
soil, rubbish, manure, &c. If wheeling on planks becomes 
necessary, as is sometimes the case when excavations 
or new walks are made, the Navvy-barrow is best, as 
the wheel, being made of iron, does not collect soil to 
clog it, and the sides are set on an angle outwards 
| to facilitate emptying readily. Flat Barrows of the shape 
FIG. 218. FLAT MARKET-GARDEN BARROW. 
represented in Fig. 218 are largely employed in market 
gardens for wheeling baskets of fruit, vegetables, &e., 
to the sheds. One, at least, of these Barrows is always 
useful in a garden, for the removal of boxes, hampers, 
| or anything that cannot be readily fitted into an ordinary 
The best-known | 
Wheelbarrow. It may also be employed for wheeling a 
water-barrel, if the use of one is necessary. 
WHIN. See Ulex. 
WHINBERRY. A common name for Vaccinium 
Myrtillus (which see). 
WHIN, PETTY. See Genista anglica. 
WHIP-GRAFTING. See Grafting. 
WHITE ALDER. See Platylophus trifoliata. 
WHITE ANTS, or TERMITES. Fortunately, 
these are not British insects; but in warm countries, 
and especially throughout the tropics, they abound, and 
do great destruction to woodwork of every kind. Only 
a very few kinds of wood can resist their jaws. At 
| La Rochelle and Bordeaux, on the West coast of 
Zephyr- ` : 
| nearly equal size, and are provided with a 
| border, or nerve, and a number of slender, 
See Phyl. | 
France, they have been introduced, and have become so 
abundant as to force themselves into notice by the 
mischief they do to the woodwork of the public offices 
| and of dwelling-houses, and also to the public records. 
The Termites resemble true Ants in living in very large 
communities, comprising males, females, and neuters. 
Among the neuters may often be distinguished workers and 
soldiers, the latter attending only to the defence of the 
community, while the former do the hard work. In struc- 
ture the Termites differ greatly from the true Ants, 
as they belong to the Neuroptera, while the true Ants 
are Hymenoptera (see Insects), Among Termites only 
the mature males and females are winged. The wings 
are about twice as long as the body; all four are of 
stout front 
indistinct 
nerves in the other parts of the wings. When not m 
use they lie flat on the back. The segments of the 
| thorax are distinct; the abdomen is flattened; the head 
, are rather short and slender. 
| or have only their rudiments. 
See Zea | 
| females; others believe that they never become sexually 
| 
is rather flattened, and has cutting jaws; and the legs 
The neuters have no wings, 
Some entomologists have 
regarded them as larve and pups of the males an 
mature. The species of Termites are very numerous; 
those that occur in Europe are named Termes lucifugus 
and T. ruficollis. The nests of certain tropical specie? 
