AN ENCYCLOPEDIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 207 
White Ants, or Termites—continued. 
- are built of mud on the soil, reach a height of from 
10ft. to 15ft., and are so hard as to require a pickaxe 
to penetrate the outer walls. Other species form nests 
of clay high up among the branches of trees. They 
always work under cover of galleries of mud, or in wood, 
as they hate daylight. When the males and females 
become winged, they leave the nest, and pair, and soon 
afterwards the females drop their wings, and are taken 
back into the nest by the workers. Here each female 
is inclosed in a clay cell built around her by the workers. 
Her abdomen grows enormously, becoming filled with 
eggs, of which a single female can lay as many as 80,000 
in twenty-four hours. The eggs are carried away by 
the workers, and are carefully tended, as among bees 
and wasps. The number of Termites in a large nest is 
enormous. 
As they are not likely to prove hurtful in England, 
there is no need to dwell upon any remedies. 
WHITE ARUM LILY. Sce Richardia afri- 
cana. 
WHITE ASH. See Fraxinus americana. 
WHITE BASSWOOD, AMERICAN. See Tilia 
heterophylla. ; 
WHITE BEAM-TREE. See Pyrus Aria. 
WHITE BLADDER FLOWER. See Phy- 
sianthus albens. 
WHITE BOTHEN, WHITE GOLDES. 
Old names for Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum. 
WHITE BOTTLE. 
Silene inflata (which see). 
WHITE BUTTERWOOD. 
spondioides. 
WHITE CEDAR. A common name for Cha- 
mecyparis. See also Thuya gigantea and T. 
occidentalis. 
WHITE CYPRESS. Se Taxodium disti- 
chum, 
WHITE ELM. See Ulmus americana. 
WHITE ERMINE MOTH. See Spilosoma 
menthastri. 
WHITEHEADIA (named after its discoverer, 
the Rev. Henry Whitehead, “to whom I am in- 
debted for many curious plants" [Harvey]). ORD. 
Iiliacee. A monotypic genus. The species is a 
greenhouse, bulbous plant. It thrives in any rich 
soil, and may be propagated by offsets. 
W. bifolia (two-leaved) /., perianth light green, sub- 
sessile, solitary, four to five lines long, the segments sub- 
equal, slightly spreading above the base; stamens six, 
slightly exserted ; raceme dense, 3in. to 6in. long ; scape 
clavate, 15ft. long; bracts amplexicaul, lin. to 11in. long. 
April.  /. two, opposite, roundish - oblong, glabrous, 
fleshy-membranous, 6in. to 8in. long, 4in. to 6in. broad, 
sub-acute or emarginate. Bulb fuscous, ljin. to On. 
thick. South Africa, 1792. SYNS. Eucomis bifolia 
(B. M. 480), Melanthium massoniæfolium (A. B. R. 368). 
WHITE-HEART HICKORY. See Carya 
tomentosa. - 
WHITE HELLEBORE. Se Veratrum. 
WHITE LIME. See Tilia argentea. 
WHITE PINE. See Pinus flexilis. 
A common name for 
See Trichilia 
| 
WHITETHORN. A popular name for Crategus 
Oxyacantha (which see). 
WHITE-TREE. A common name for Melaleuca 
leucadendron (which see). 
WHITE WOOD. A name applied to " Liriodendron 
tulipifera, Tilia americana, &c. 
WHITFIELDIA (named after T. Whitfield, a bo- 
tanical collector of African plants). ORD. Acanthacem. A 
small genus (two species) of ornamental, stove shrubs, 
natives of tropical Africa. Flowers white or brick-red, 
shortly pedicellate, solitary in the axils of opposite bracts, 
disposed in a terminal raceme; calyx five-parted ; corolla 
with five twisted lobes; stamens four, didynamous; brac- 
teoles under the calyx, and sometimes the bracts, coloured. 
Leaves opposite, entire. Only one of the species has been 
introduced. For culture, see Barleria. 
W. lateritia (brick-red).* fl., calyx brick-red, ample; corolla 
orange-red or brick-red, twice as long as the calyx, between 
campamulate and funnel-shaped; pedicels opposite, drooping. 
October to March. /. opposite, ovate or oblong-ovate, sub- 
coriaceous, evergreen, waved, penniveined. Branches SW csl 
terete, rather tortuous. A. 3ft. 1841. (B. M. 4155; F. d. S. 32. 
WHITLAVIA. This is regarded, by the authors of 
the “Genera Plantarum,’ as synonymous with Phacelia 
Fig. 219. FLOWERING BRANCHES OF WHITLAVIA GRANDIFLORA 
WHITE POTHERB. Se Valerianella 
olitoria. 
WHITE ROOT. An old name for Solomon’s Seal 
(Polygonatum multiflorum). 
WHITE SAPOTA. 
miroa edulis (which see). 
A common name for Casi- 
(PHACELIA WHITLAVIA). 
(which see). The proper name of Whitlavia grandiflora 
(see Fig. 219) is now Phacelia Whitlavia. 
WHITLEYA. Included under Scopolia (which 
see). i 
