224 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Xanthosoma—continued. 
marked veins ivory-white ; middle lobe oblong, acute; basal ones 
inequilateral, obtuse, extrorse ` petioles rather longer than the 
blades, sheathing one-third their length. Rhizome tuberous. 
New Grenada, 1871. A showy, variegated plant. SYN. Phyllo- 
tenium Lindeni (I. H. 1872, 88). : 
X. maculatum (spotted) Z. green, sagittate-triangular ` petioles 
purplish, with a glaucous bloom, and margined on the sheathing 
portion with white. 1861. A bold-habited plant. SYN. Alocasia 
albo-violacea. 
X. Maximiliani (Maximilian's) /., spathe 8in. to gin, long, the 
tube glaucous-purple, green at back outside, within and at the 
throat blood-purple, ovoid, tumid, the lamina straw-coloured 
outside, sulphur-white within, the base and margins blood-purple ; 
x straw-coloured and dirty orange. /. trian: r-hastate, of 
a pleasing green; basal lobes broadly rhomboid. Stem tall. 
h. 5ft. Brazil, 1860. 
1874, ii., pp. 258, 259. 
X. plumbea (lead-coloured), A synonym of Alocasia cuprea. 
X. robustum (stout). fl., ps SEK to 10lin. long, the tube 
green, the lamina whitish, broadly ovate-lanceolate, acute; 
spadix whitish, rather shorter than the spathe. /. opaque above, 
beneath, H yon, gh agate i lift. or more long; 
oe a e 
om or oblong, o . n. 
quite Əla. thick. ` Beete, ne -—— SE 
X. sagittifolium ttate.leaved). Arrow-leaved Spoonflower. 
JL, spathe bin, to dm. ong, the tube greenish, the betr ste 
green ; ix much shorter, and uncles longer, than the 
. lóin. to 20in. long, broadly sagittate-ovate, pruinose ` 
ware Mm EE MAI M 
nes. em thick, , oft. 
high. West Indies, 1710. (B. M. 4989.) oo 
X. violaceum (violet).* fl., spathe tube glau d i 
outside, yellowish-white within, oblon; a E eng 
sulphur-white, 6in. long; spadix violet and white, 74in. long; 
uncles 6in. to Bin. long. I pruinose, at length green, paler 
EN 8in. to l6in. long, SCH cup Tes so middle lobe 
; r e-ap ; ones a third or a quarter as 
long, sub-triangular; petioles brownish-viole! "twice 
ms as the blades. dere short. Wee Seel ; See 
X. Wallisii (Wallis). I large, hastate, of a rich dark green; 
= veins white, or nearly so, tioquia, 1869, 
| KANTHOXYLUM. Se Zanthoxylum. 
2: = TRUM. A synonym of Clintonia (which 
Ce A synonym of Cineraria (which 
ec A synonym of Barnadesia (which 
. KERANDRA. A synonym of Iresine (which see). 
|. KERANTHEMUM (irom zeros, dry, and anthe 
k. ig * » $. , : mon, 
_ & blossom; alluding to the dry nature of the flowers, which 
retain their form and colour for years). Immortelle. 
Syn. Harrisonia (of Necker). ORD. Composite. A 
small genus (four or five species) of hardy, erect, branched, 
hoary, annual herbs, inhabiting the Mediterranean region 
and the Orient. Flower-heads solitary, long-pedunculate 
at the tips of the branches, heterogamous, disk-formed : 
involucre campanulate or oblong-eylindrieal; bracts iu 
several series, imbrieated, the inner ones pink or whitish 
(rarely blue?); receptacle fat, with rigid pales; limb of 
the florets bilabiate. Leaves alternate, narrow, entire 
The two best-known species are here described. Seeds 
only require sowing on a light, rich soil. Several plants 
formerly included here wil now be found Heli 
chrysum, Helipterum, and Fed H : 
(annual)* f.-heads purple; involucre hemis 
racts much longer, diverging radiate ; 
margins. A. 2ft. South Europe, 1570. (J. F. A. fug revolute 
|” 
X. inapertum (not open). kend Ee 3 2: 
U eroe edi , the So. brass Mon involucre Kee 
en ene ag Ee Sanger, y 
` Liliacem, According to Baker, a monotypic genus. The 
XERONEMA (from zeros, dry, and nema, a thread; 
the filaments dry and persist). SYN. Scleronema. ORD. 
Liliacem. A monotypic genus. The species is an interest- 
ing and elegant, stove perennial, with a very short 
rhizome and fascicled root-fibres. It thrivesin a compost 
of rich, sandy loam and leaf mould. Propagation may be 
effected by seeds, or by division of the rootstock. 
X. Moorei (Moore's). fl. clustered, erect, shortly pedicellate; 
perianth bright crimson, jin. to gin. long, persistent, the ` 
segments distinct, linear, erect, sub-equal ; stamens six, exserted ; 
raceme terminal, simple, secund, the rachis abruptly inflexed 
at base, often horizontal. Z. clustered at the base of the stem, ` 
12in. to 16in. long, erect. Stem erect, simple, about 20in. long, 
with a few reduced leaves. New Caledonia, 1878. (G. C. n. &, 
x; p HE H.1977,297.) 
XEROPHYLLUM (from zeros, dry, and phyllon, 8 
leaf; alluding to the dry, Grass-like leaves). ORD. 
species is a handsome, hardy, perennial herb. It succeeds 
in a peat border, and will, if treated with care, ripen 
seeds, by which means, and by division of the roots, 
the plant may be propagated. 
FIG. 235, XEROPHYLLUM ASPHODELOIDES, showing Habit and 
detached Single Flower. 
X. asphodeloides (Asphodel-like).* ^ Turkey's Beard. jf. 
perianth whitish, six-parted, lin, long, the segments sp; 
many-nerved at back ; stamens six, hypogynous, rather shorter 
than the periantb; pedicels ascending, solitary, not jointed, 
lin. to llin. long; raceme dense, ĝin. to 6in. long, 2in. to Sin. 
1 5 y. 1. radical, in a very dense rosette, subulate, per- 
sistent, lft. to lift. long, one line broad, reclined, rough 27 ` 
the margins, remarkably dry and rigid. Stem lft. to 2ft. high, 
its leaves reduced to bristle-like bracts. Rhizome thick. No 
America, 1765. See Fig. 236. (G. C. n. s., xiti, p. 435) SYNS 
X. setifolium (B. R. 1613), Helonias asphodeloides (B. M. 748). x 
X. a. tenax (tenacious). /L rather larger; stamens equalling 
or exceeding the perianth. `Z. iin. to din. broad. 1811. : 
X. setifolium (bristle-leaved). A synonym of X. asphodeloides. 
XEROPHYTA. A synonym of Vellozia (which 
see), 
XEROTES (from verotes, dryness; alluding to the 
arid herbage). | Syn. Lomandra. ORD. Juncacee. 
genus comprising thirty species of greenhouse, per 
or rarely annual, rigid herbs, natives of Aus one 
species being also found in New Caledonia. Flowers 
small, the males usually either in dense clusters or solitary 
along the branches of a panicle, sessile or cellate 
within short, scarious bracts; female inflorescences either 
similar to the males, or less branched, or reduced $o 
single, sessile, globular heads, or rarely both sexes La 
dense, globular or oblong heads, along a simple 
or connected into a long, dense, cylindrical spike; * 
or peduncles short, or the inflorescence sessile in 
tufts of radical leaves or at the ends of the leafy sen». 
