THE DICTIONARY 
OF GARDENING, 
Onopordon—continued. 
O. elongatum (elongated). A synonym of O. illyricum. 
0. (illyrian). fl.-heads purple. July. l. decurrent, 
narrow-oblong-lanceolate, spiny-toothed, uppermost ones very 
short. R. 6ft. South Europe, 1640. A fine biennial species, 
with the general appearance of O. Acanthium, but having 
greener, more deeply-cut, and more spiny leaves, stiffer stem, 
and a more branching habit. Syn. O. elongatum. 
_ O. macracanthum (long-spined). fl.- heads purple; involucre 
somewhat tomentose. July. J. decurrent, narrow-oblong-lanceo- 
late, acuminate, spiny-toothed, glabrous above, cobwebby be- 
neath. Stem erect, branched at apex, cobwebby. A. 6ft. Bar- 
bary, 1798. Annual. (S. F. G. 832. 
ONOPORDUM. See Onopordon. 
 @QNOSERIS (from onos, an ass, and Seris, Endive ; 
a salad for asses). Including Centrocliniwm and Cheta- 
chlena. ORD. Composite. A genus com- 
prising about a dozen species of stove, 
greenhouse, or hardy, annual or peren- 
nial herbs, or shrubs, of variable habit, 
natives of the Andes or extra - tropical 
South America, one being Brazilian. 
_ Flower-heads purple, pink, or white, large, 
= solitary or paniculate, on long peduncles 
or scapes; involucre hemispherical or 
turbinate; receptacle naked or pilose- 
fibrillose. Leaves radical or alternate, 
white-tomentose beneath. The species 
succeed in a light vegetable soil. Pro- 
pagation is effected by means of seeds. 
Probably the species here described are 
the only ones yet introduced to culti- 
vation. 
O. adpressa 3 j tage large, 
fragrant; ray and disk similar to those of 
O. reflexa. June to December. 
l. numerous, 
spreading, reflexed, 3in. or more long, 
lanceolate, waved, and nearly entire, 
pure white and cottony beneath. Stem 
shrubby, lft. to 2ft. high; branches white, 
woolly. Peru, 1 Stove shrub. (B. M. 
3115, under name of Centroclinium adpres- 
O. Drakeana (Drake’s).* f.-heads bright 
sum. 
: args | ie aw l. cordate-ovate, petio- 
ite-tomentose beneath. New Grenada, 
1883. 5 shrubby perennial. (R. H. 
O. reflexa (reflexed). fl.- heads large, hand- 
some, fragrant; ray-florets nine to twelve, 
rose-purple, two-lipped, three-toothed ; disk 
deep yellow, very prominent; peduncles 
soli . Late autumn. J. spreading, 2in. 
to 3in. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, coarsely toothed, gradually 
Logie, Ae a petiole, woolly beneath. h. l4ft. to 2ft. Peru, 
1: tove annual. (B. M. 3114, under name of Centroclinium 
rejlexum.) 
-~ ONOSMA (from onos, an ass, and osme, smell; said 
to be grateful to that animal). Golden Drop. Including 
Maharanga. ORD. Boraginee. A rather large genus 
(about seventy species, of which, probably, not more than 
four have been introduced) of hardy, hairy or villous, 
annual, biennial, or perennial herbs, or sub-shrubs, in- 
habiting South Europe, North Africa, and West and 
Central Asia, Flowers yellow, rarely white or purplish, 
pedicellate or sub-sessile, in simple unilateral racemes 
or branched cymes; corolla tubular, five-lobed. Leaves 
alternate. The species thrive in a good deep soil, pre- 
ferably sandy loam. O. stellulatum, and its variety 
tauricum, are the best; they should be grown in a well- 
drained, sunny part of the rockery. Of the perennial 
species, cuttings should be taken during summer; they 
may be rooted quickly, if pleced in a close frame, and 
kept shaded for ten or twelve days; water sho 
given carefully, or the hairy leaves will rot 
young stock should be well rooted and 
off before the cold weather sets in. O. ech 
requires similar treatment to the foregoing, but, 
being a biennial, it must be raised from seed each 
oo The annuals must be sown, in the open border, in 
pril. 
Onosma—continued. 
O. echioides (Echium-like), /l. pale yellow, drooping, pedicel- 
late, in terminal, conjugate racemes. May. l. spathulate- 
lanceolate; floral ones, or bracts, ovate-cordate. Stem much 
branched. h. lft. to 14ft. South Europe, 1683, Tubercularly 
hispid or strigose, biennial herb. (S. F. G. 172.) 
O. plicissimum (very simple). f. pale yellow, in few- 
flowered, terminal racemes; corolla ventricose, inflated at apex, 
three times as long as the calyx. April. J. sessile; linear, 
slightly acute, somewhat silky-canescent beneath. Stem erect, 
very simple. h. Ift. Siberia, 1768. Perennial herb. (B. M. 
O. stellulatum (small star-like). fl., corolla white, yellow, or 
citron colour, two or three times longer than the calyx. April. 
J. straight, linear-oblong, flat, or with revolute margins ; radical 
and lower ones sub-spathulate, obtuse; upper ones lanceolate, 
acute, i semi-amplexicaul. A. 6in. Macedonia, &c. 
1819. Plant suffrutescent at base. 
Fic. 745. ONOSMA STELLULATUM TAURICUM, showing Habit and 
z detached Single Flower. . 
— 
O. s. tauricum (Taurian).“ fi. yellow, about 12 in. long, disposed in 
branched, secund heads, Summer. l. linear-lanceolate, acute, 
hispid, with revolute edges. Stems branched. h. 6in. to 8in 
Caucasus, 1801. Perennial. See Fig. 745. (B. M. 889.) 
ONOSMODIUM (so called from its similarity to 
Onosma). Syns. Osmodium, Purshia (of Sprengel). ORD. 
Boraginee. A small genus (about six species) of hardy, 
erect, herbaceous perennials, closely allied to Onosma, 
natives of North America and Mexico. Flowers white, 
greenish, or yellowish, sub-sessile, in terminal, scorpioid 
cymes or racemes; corolla tubular, with five erect or 
connivent lobes. Leaves alternate. The two species here 
described are the only ones yet introduced. For culture, 
see Onosma. : 
O. carolinian Carolinian). fl. ish-whi 
sile; racemes poet N 6 . or 
ovate-lanceolate and oblong-lanceolate, acute. 
States, 1759. 
O. vir; um (Virginian). fl. i i 
Shangri a oblong, 5 2 
5 . s : 
with short, appressed, b N e 
ONYCHIUM (from onyx, onychos, a claw; referring 
to the shape of the lobes of the: ande Orp.. Filices.. 
A small genus (four species) of very beautiful, stove or 
nearly hardy ferns, natives of Arabia, Indi „Cuba, 
Japan, &c. Sori placed upon a continuous re. 
ceptacle, which connects the apices of several veins; 
involucre parallel with the margin of the segments, 
h. lft. United 
