528 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Oroxylum—continued. 
Propagated by imported seeds; or by saitide, struck 
in bottom heat. 
indicum (Indian). whitish, striped with purple, large, 
gw — 1 in ae f inal N calyx large, tubular- 
2 ulate; corolla * broad, obliquely campanulate, and 
dilated. at thront; limb bilabiate. l. opposite, large, bi- or tri- 
pinnate ; leaflets entire, shining. h. 40ft. India and the Malayan 
Archipelago, 1775. Syn. Calosanthes indica. 
ORPHIUM (named after the mythological personage, 
Orpheus). Orp. Gentianew. A monotypic genus, the 
species being an erect, greenhouse shrub, For culture, 
see Chironia. 
r hrubb: red, showy, in terminal, leafy 
45 „ ae ee ‘ee obtuse, without. keels; 
pare ty tube short, sub- b-rotate. sessile, linear or 9 90 
thickish. h. lft. to Cape of Good Hope. (B. M. 37, 7 
818, all under Chironia. 
i ORRIS-ROOT, or ORRICE-ROOT. 
Iris fiorentina, 
f ORTGIESIA. Included under Portea (which see). 
= ORTGIESIA TILLANDSIOIDES. Se Æch- 
mea Ortgiesii. 
ORTHOCERAS (from orthos, straight, and keras, a 
born g referring to the appearance of the outer tA 
The root of 
a greenhouse, terrestrial orchid, requiring treatment 
similar to Disa (which see). 
0. Solandri (Solander’s). fl. in a many-flowered raceme, 6in. 
Piong ; perianth greenish-yellow, jin. long; lateral sepals _ long. 
iform, with long, sheathing worl rarely linear. h. lft. to 2ft. 
—— and New Zealand, (F. A. O. 1.) 
ORTHOCHILUS. A synonym of Eulophia. 
ORTHOPOGON. A synonym of Oplismenus 
(which see). 
ORTHOPTERA. See Insects. 
ORTHOS. In Greek compounds, this term signifies 
Straight. 
ORTHOSIPHON (from orthos, straight, and siphon, 
a curved tube; . to the tube of the flower). ORD. 
Labiatœ. A genus comprising about sixteen species of 
stove or greenhouse perennial herbs, sub-shrubs, or 
shrubs, mostly natives of the East Indies and the 
Malayan Archipelago, two or three being found in tropical 
Africa, and one extending from Malaya into Australia. 
Flowers pedicellate, slender, or showy; corolla tube ex- 
serted; limb bilabiate ; stamens four; whorls commonly 
six, rarely two to four-flowered, in often elongated, distant, 
or rarely crowded racemes. The undermentioned (pro- 
bably the only species in cultivation) thrive in a compost 
of sandy loam and fibry peat. Propagated by cuttings, 
made of half-ripened shoots. 
O. incurvus (incurved). pale scarlet ; corolla villous, incurved, 
thrice as long as the yx: rsp spreading ; whorls sub-secund. 
May. (. petiolate, ovate or ob Stem 
5 crenate, 12 
cumbent at base, ascendent. Eastern India, 1839. 
evergreen. (B. 173; B. M. 384 
O. stamineus (long-stamened).* £ git lilac-blue, nearly lin. 
long, very numerous, arranged whorls, and t again in 
racemes at the ends of the branches; stamens projecting a WT 
way. July. l. ovate or deltoid, coarsely and pA aba aes ly toothed, 
glaucous below. Stem herbaceous, erect. A. 2ft. Tropical Asia, 
&c., 1869. Stove. (B. M. 5833.) 
= ORTHOSTEMMA. A synonym of Pentas (which 
f 5 see). 
ORTHROSANTHUS (from orthros, morning, and 
anthos, a flower; the flowers expand early in the day). 
Orp. ride. A genus comprising seven species of 
greenhouse herbaceous perennials, natives of the Andes 
and extra-tropical regions of South America, or of Western 
, Australia. Flowers often two to many to a spathe, very 
“shortly stalked; perianth tube short, sometimes very 
short; lobes ovate or oblong, spreading; inflorescence 
Orp. Orehidew. A monotypic genus, the species being 
Orthrosanthus—continued. — 
terminal, simple or branched. 
Leaves linear or nar- 
rowly-ensiform, rigid or grass-like, equitant at base of 
stem; spathes oblong, sessile or pedunculate. Rhizomes 
woody, very short. The species mentioned below thrive 
in a cold conservatory, and in such a structure do best 
planted out. If, however, it is necessary to grow them 
in pots, use turfy loam and leaf mould, and insure suffi- 
cient drainage. Propagated by division of the tufted 
rootstocks. 
O. chimboracensis (Chimborazo). fl. blue, in a lax, narrow 
panicle, which overtops the root leaves ; limb funnel-shaped, żin. 
py N grass-like, 1ft. or more long, acute. h. lit. 
O. multiflorus (many-flowered). Jl. of a henaibiful n blue colour; 
perianth segments ovate-oblong, uniform; stamens much longer 
than the style. May to July. l. linear-ensiform, about * . to 
the scape; margins glabrous. A. lft. Australia, 1820. (B. R. 
1090, under name of Sisyrinchium cyaneum.) 
ORVALA (said to be from Orvale, the French name 
for the Clary—Salvia Horminum). ORD. Labiate. A 
monotypic genus, included, by Bentham and Hooker, 
under Lamium. The species is a hardy herbaceous 
perennial, of easy culture. It thrives in a common soil, 
in any sheltered situation. Propagation may be effected 
either by seeds or by division of the roots in autumn. 
O. lamioides (Dead Nettle- rig * Migh parley red and white; 
throat of the corolla inflated e almost straight. April. 
l. cordate, unequally or arguely sree Stems slightly coloured. 
h. — 25 South Europe, 1 B. M. 172, under name of Lamium 
ORYZA (derived from the Arabic name, Eruz). Rice. 
Syn. Padia. ORD. Graminee. A genus of stove, marsh- 
loving, rather tall grasses, all East Indian. Nearly 
twenty species have been described; scarcely five, how- 
ever, are at all distinct, and these may probably be 
reduced to varieties of O. sativa. Spikelets flat-com- 
pressed, one-flowered; glumes four, the two outer ones 
very small, scale or bristle-like ; the two upper ones com- 
plicate - carinate; panicle terminal, narrow; branches 
slender, erect, sub-flexuous, often long and slightly 
branched. Leaves long and flat. O. sativa, the well- 
known rice of commerce, supplies food for a greater 
number of human beings than are fed on the produce of 
any other known plant. It is the principal, and often 
the only, food of the inhabitants of China, India, and 
the islands of the Malayan Archipelago. The plants have 
no horticultural value. They are easily grown, and do 
best when the pots are plunged in tanks in which tropical 
aquatics are cultivated. 
OSAGE ORANGE. See Maclura aurantiaca. 
OSBECKIA (named after Peter Osbeck, 1723-1805, 
a Swedish clergyman and naturalist, author of “Dagbock 
Oefer en Ostendyck, resa,” 1757). ORD. Melastomacee. 
A genus comprising about three dozen species of hand- 
some stove herbs, sub-shrubs, or shrubs, often erect and 
setose, natives of the East Indies, China, Japan, the 
Malayan Islands and Australia, one being found in Africa. 
Flowers pink, violet, or reddish, showy, terminal, solitary, 
capitate or paniculate ; calyx scaly or pilose ; petals five, 
rarely four, obovate, often ciliated. Leaves sub-coriaceous, 
sessile or petiolate, three to seven-nerved, entire, or 
rarely serrulated. For culture, see Melastoma. 
species here enumerated are probably the only ones yet 
introduced. 
O. aspera (rough), of Hooker. A synonym of O. glauca. 
O. chinensis (Chinese). f. cymose, terminal, few; 
acuminated, longer than the mag stamens. July. l 
lanceolate-obiong, three-nerved, ra hispid, a litt! crenulated. 
Fy lft. to 2ft. China, 1818. H 2 N. d B. K. R. 542.) 
O. glauca (glaucous).* ff. red on short 5 
terminal, —— e or purple; on small, e 
hairs. July. l. elli suri narrowed or Beeps go — e 
hairy on both surfaces, three to five-nerved. A. 2ft. 
Shrub. (B. M. 5085. , under name of O. aspera.) 
O. nepalensis (Nepau)), large handsome, in terminal and 
lateral axillary panicles or 2 ; petals purplish-rose, obovate- 
