2 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Pachyrhizus—continued. 
genus comprising a conple of species of tall, stove, 
twining herbs, one a native of Mexico, and the other 
widely spread throughout the warmer parts of Asia and 
America, and occurring also in tropical Africa, Flowers 
violet-blue, in clusters, on large, glandular knobs ; 
standard broad, obovate; keel incurved, obtuse. Leaves 
pinnate, trifoliolate, stipellate ; leaflets often angular or 
sinuate-lobed. Stems rising from large, tuberous roots. 
L. angulatus, the sp introduced to cultivation, thrives 
in a light, rich soil. Propagated by cuttings, inserted in 
sand, under a glass; by the tubers of the roots ; or by seeds. 
J., len * sharp-too 
the troj or its el ‘Turnip-like, tuberous roots, w are 
eaten r raw or boiled. 
PACHYSA. Included under Erica. 
PACHYSANDRA (from pachys, thick, and aner, 
andros, a stamen; referring to the thickness of the 
stamens). Onp. Euphorbiaceœ. A small genus (two 
a species) of hardy, or nearly hardy, herbaceous plants, 
pProeumbent, or rooting at base; one is from North 
America, and the other a native of Japan. Flowers 
monhoious, apetalous, solitary and alternate under the 
bracts, sessile, or shortly pedicellate. Leaves alternate, 
stalked, rather broad, deeply toothed or rarely entire, 
triplinerved. The species are of more botanical than 
horticultural interest. They thrive in common soil, and 
may be increased by division of the roots. 
P. coriacea (leathery. A synonym of Sarcococca salima 
coriacea, 
. procumbens (procumbent). 5 white; spikes few, many- 
flowered, borne along the base of the stem. March. J. several, on 
slender 283 ag RA at the summit of the stem, Stems 
om 5 8 ‘tag orth America, 1800. (B. M. 1964; B. R. 33; 
, r eee 
the ends of the shoots. Japan, 1882. N pet 
pgp — Included under Jacobinia. 
ACHYSTIGMA (of Hooker), A synonym of 
Peltostigma (which see). 
PACHYSTIMA (from pachys, thick, and stigma; in 
allusion to the stont form of that organ). Syn. Oreophila. 
Orp. Celastrinea. A genus of small, slightly branched, 
highly glabrous, hardy, evergreen shrubs, requiring cul- 
ture similar to Myginda (which see). 
P. Canbyi (Canby's). A. reddish, small; 
style hort ; pedicel 
y — a jee cel filiform, elonga 
8 oblong-obovate ; 
Summer. L. oblong- 
surculosely creeping. Moun- 
P. Myrsinites (Myrsine-like). greenish, axillary, soli ; 
fascicled; calyx with a short 5 and four rounded — ogy 
— four, rounded, spreading; stamens four, inserted below 
he disk. June. l. opposite, very shortly petiolate, small, coria- 
Sh "Mountains of Madhu Amais 181k SYM. isinde 
myrtifolia (H. F. B. A. i. 41). FFF 
PACHYSTOMA (from pachys, thick, and stoma, a 
mouth; alluding to the thick lip). Syn. Pachychilus. 
Including Apaturia and Ipsea. ORD, Orchidew. A genus 
comprising about ten species of stove, terrestrial orchids, 
with erect, nodose rhizomes and simple stems; one is 
tropical African, and the rest are natives of the East 
Indies and the Malayan Archipelago. Flowers mediocre 
or rather Jarge, pendulous, in a simple raceme; sepals 
connivent, the lateral one sometimes very shortly adnate 
to the base of the column; petals similar to the posterior 
sepals, but slightly smaller; lip affixed to, or adnate to 
the base of, the column, the lateral lobes oblong and 
erect, the middle one short. Leaves, for the most part, 
wanting; but the pseado-bulbs sometimes at length bear 
two or three leaves. For culture, see Catasetum. The 
species introduced are described below. 
long, oblong, lateral ones connate wi 
petals slightly narrower, obtuse; middle 
Pachystoma— continued. 
obtuse, lateral ones broad, acute; scape purple, lft. to Lift. 
high. Winter. (. twin, sheathing at base, narrow-ensiform. 
Root succulent. Ceylon. (B. M. 5701, under name of Jpsea 
speciosa.) 
P. Thomsonianum (Thomson’s).* f., sepals and petals white, 
beautifully shining, as if varnished; lip trifid, bright purple; 
side lacini and column light greenish, striped or blotched 
with brown; peduncle long, velvety green, bearing a raceme 
of two or more large blossoms. Autumn. J. petiolate, oblong- 
i . Rhizome trailing, bearing roundish, depressed, 
sulcate eee n. bin. West Tropical Africa, 1879. 
PACKING. There are few large gardens from which 
more or less of the produce has not to be sent on a 
journey, at least, during some part of the year; and 
the practice of sending small boxes of flowers or fruit 
has now become common amongst persons with but 
limited means at command. On the system of Packing 
adopted, the condition in which consignments reach their 
destination very materially depends, be they composed 
of plants, flowers, or fruits; consequently, it is important 
that due precaution should always be taken to prevent 
the contents of packages being rendered useless in tran- 
sit, because of their being improperly or insecurely 
packed. The system of Packing will depend very much 
on the length of journey to which the articles have to 
be subjected, the sort of article, and the mode of convey- 
ance. References here will only be possible in somewhat 
general terms; but these may be sufficient, if the prin- 
cipal subjects transmitted are referred to, for providing 
such rules, or, rather, suggestions, as may be necessary. 
One important condition that may be said always to 
apply, is Packing so that the contents cannot move 
about inside their covering, no matter of what it may 
consist. Boxes or hampers should be of a size to 
properly hold what is intended without crushing; but 
should they, in any case, be rather large, the spare 
room must be filled with packing material, to prevent 
friction, and the consequent injury that must ensue. 
This rule is specially important in reference to ripe 
or tender-skinned fruits; but it applies with almost 
boy force to horticultural products of every descrip- 
on. 
Plants. Packing of plants is much more extensively 
the work of nurserymen than of private gardeners, as it 
forms part of their trade. It is essential that consign- 
ments reach their destination with as little breakage as 
possible ; consequently, men are, in all large firms, kept 
purposely for this work. The plans adopted vary with 
plants of different sorts and sizes, some requiring more 
protection than others. Round, matted baskets are 
largely used, as they are conveniently adapted for hold- 
ing plants of different heights. Each of the latter should 
be securely staked, and, if necessary, covered with tissue 
paper, the ball being kept intact by tying some moss 
from above it to the pot with matting or soft string. 
Small plants with good roots are usually quite safe, if 
taken from the pots and tied up in moss, and the pack- 
age is, in consequence, rendered of less weight. These 
would, more properly, be placed in boxes, or covered 
hampers, so that shifting about would be impossible 
when once the lid was fastened. Another plan is to 
use paper flower-pots, which are manufactured and sold ` 
for the purpose. These are strong, made of different 
sizes, and are always ready for use. The plant is taken 
from its ordinary pot, and placed in a paper one of 
similar dimensions, which is provided with flaps at the 
top for turning over the ball. In this way, a large 
number of small plants may be placed in a comparatively 
small hamper, and the work of Packing proceeds with 
rapidity. When Packing round or flat-covered hampers, 
it is advisable to arrange the plants as much as possible 
with their tops towards the centre, and use sufficient 
packing material to keep them firm in position, the 
greater part of the balls of earth being thus situated 
wx 
