8 IHE DICTIONARY 
OF GARDENING, 
PALE FLAX. See Linum angustifolium. 
PALEOLARIA. A synonym of Palafoxia (which 
see). 
PALE TUSSOCK MOTH. See Tussock Moths. 
PALTAVANA (said to be so called from Palhava, 
a seat of the Prince of Braganza, a patron of botany). 
Syns. Codonophora, Prasanthea. ORD. Gesneracew, A 
small genus (only two species) of stove, shrubby plants, 
natives of Brazil. Flowers large, solitary or fasciculate 
in the axils of the bracts, disposed in loose, terminal 
racemes; calyx campanulate, the base adnate to the 
ovary, the five lobes at length reflexed or deciduous; 
corolla (generally) greenish, loosely pubescent or densely 
silky-villous, with a funnel-shaped or almost campanu- 
late tube, and an oblique, broadly five-lobed limb. 
Leaves opposite, rather thick, soft, crenate, villous; 
floral ones reduced to bracts. For culture of P. prasi- 
nata—the only species which has been introduced to 
our gardens—see Gesnera. 
. i ls, w 
A 
darkly dotted externally, and has an ample campanulate limb. 
May to July. l. opposite, oval-lanceolate or ovate, serrate, 
shortly petiolate, velvety beneath. lift. to 2ft. 1818. 
(B. R. under name of Gesnera prasinata.) 
PALICOUREA (named after Le Palicour, of Guiana). 
Syns. Colladonia, Galvania and Stephanium. Including 
Nonatelia and Rhodostoma. On D. Rubiacee. A genus 
comprising about 100 species of stove, tropical American 
shrubs, of variable habit, with terete or four-angled 
branchlets. Flowers variously coloured (never blue), 
small or rather large, disposed in sessile or usually 
pedunculate, terminal or rarely axillary, compound 
corymbs, racemes, or thyrses ; calyx with a hemispherical 
or turbinate tube, and an entire or five-lobed limb; corolla 
tube elongated, straight or curved, the limb of five 
short or elongated, simple or valvate lobes. Fruit a 
globose, rarely oblong, berry. Leaves opposite or 
_whorled; stipules variable. The following species are 
à ic seen in cultivation; they thrive best in a 
sandy-loam and peat compost. Propagation may be 
effected, in spring, by cuttings, which should be inserted 
in sand, under a glass, in a gentle hotbed. 
P. (crowned-fruited). fl. yellow, in cymose, sessile 
June to August. l. oblong, short-acuminated, narrow 
coriaceous, Branches terete. 
at the base, h. Ait. to 6ft. 
Caraccas, 1824, 
P. crocea (saffron-coloured), orange, on terminal, corymbose, 
saffron-coloured uncles, Az ovate or oval Teac 
acuminated, sti with prominent veins, . Aft. to 6ft. West 
Indies, &., 1 
P. 
gardenioides (Gardenia-like). AH. white, disposed in mostl 
terminal cymes; corolla much r than ae, calyx, tubular, 
funnel-shaped. Winter and summer, “. opposite, obovate- 
lanceolate, acuminate, attenuated into the short petioles, dark 
mand — above, paler beneath, A. 2ft. South America, 
1759. Syn. Rhodostoma garden ioides. (G. M. B. 1850, 65.) 
P. lutea (yellow). A. yellow, disposed in erect panicles; corolla 
tube narrow at the base, long; segments of the limb acute. June 
and July. . broad-ovate, acuminated; stipules bluntly two- 
lobed. lft. French Guiana, 1823. 
P. ornata (adorned). l elliptic, acuminate, narrowed towards 
the base, of a satiny olive-green, with the costa and princi 
veins deep rosy-crimson, the olive tint passing into 1 
green near the base of the midrib; under surface purple. Stems 
erect, purplish, terete. South America, 1875. 
„ Pavetta (Pavetta). fl. white, very sweet-scented, with a 
funnel-shaped corolla, which is a little curved ; corymbs terminal, 
unculate, with brachiate, trichotomous branches. August. 
ovate-lanceolate, acuminated, thin, nerved. Branches terete. 
h. 2ft. West Indies, &c., 1823. 
8 ] (racemose). jl. white, small, bracteolate at the 
base ; thyrse —— a little longer than the petioles. June. 
fr. globose, five-angled, five-celled. l elliptical-oblong, acumi- 
nated at both ends, petiolate. A, 2ft. to 3ft. Guiana, 1818 
P. rigida (stiff). f. yellow; panicles on long peduncles, s $ 
ing; corolla clothed with v fine down. August. lel bord 
acutish, rounded at the base, almost sessile, coriaceous. Branches 
8 tetragonal. A. ft. Tropical South America, &c., 
Palicourea—continued. 
P. violacea (violet). A. white, bracteate; thyrse many-flowered, 
about half the length of the leaves. Berries violet, about the 
size of currants. June and July. Z. elliptic, acuminated, taper- 
1 — into the short petioles at the base. A. Aft. to 5ft. Guiana, 
PALISOTA (named in honour of Palisot de Beauvois, 
1752-1820, a French botanist and traveller). Syn. 
Duchekia. ORD. Commelinacee. A genus comprising 
eight species of stove, perennial herbs, natives of tropical 
Africa. Flowers, small, numerous, disposed in simple, 
scorpioid cymes, sessile or shortly pedicellate; sepals and 
petals distinct, almost equal, similarly coloured, spreading; 
peduncles one or two in a leafy fascicle; panicle narrow, 
thyrsoid, oblong or cylindrical. Berries sometimes scarlet 
or blue. Leaves clustered at the tip of the stem; sheath 
imbricated, often long-pilose. The best-known species 
are described below. For culture, see Commelina. 
P. Barteri (Barter’s). fl. pale purplish, in an oblong, dense, 
thyrsoid raceme, borne on a short, terminal, solitary peduncle. 
Autumn. J. all radical, lft. to 2ft. long, obovate-oblong or 
elliptic-lanceolate, narrowed into petioles of variable length, 
attenuated at the apex into a long, slender point, more or less 
ooo h. lit. to 3ft. 1862. Plant almost stemless. (B. M. 
P. bicolor (two-coloured). J. oblong-obovate, tapering at the 
base to the stalk, and more abruptly towards the apex, 12in. to 
l4in. by bin.; the oppor surface bright green, with a broad, central 
disk of greenish-yellow; margins studded with stiff, brownish 
hairs ; petiole fleshy, 4in. to 5in. long, with a broad, purplish band 
studded with coarse, brownish pubescence. h. 1ft. to 2ft. Fer- 
nando Po, 1878. An elegant, ornamental-leaved plant. 
„ bracteosa (bract-bearing). jl. white, resembling those of 
P. Barteri, woolly outside at base; panicle shortly peduncled, 
bia dense, ovate. Autumn. l. narrow-obovate, acuminate, 
white-cobweb-woolly. 1879. Plant stemless. 
PALIURUS (the old Greek name used by Theo- 
phrastus), Syn. Aubletia. ORD. Rhamnew. A genus 
comprising a couple of species of sub-erect or decumbent, 
glabrous or slightly tomentose, hardy shrubs, armed with 
stipular prickles; one is a native of South Europe and 
Western Asia, and the other of South China. Flowers 
small, five-parted; pedicels axillary, fasciculate, or in 
short, aggregated cymes. Fruit hemispherical, coriaceous. 
Leaves sub-distichous and alternate, petiolate, ovate or 
cordate, three-nerved, crenulated, with two thorns at the 
base of each, either both erect, or one erect and the 
other recurved. P. aculeata is supposed by some writers 
to have furnished the crown of thorns which was placed 
on the head of Christ before His Crucifixion. The species 
grow in any ordinary soil. Propagation may be effected 
by layers, by cuttings of the roots, or by seeds. 
P. aculeatus (prick! ist’ ; x 
nish- ere A e tara Ipod 
une and July. jr. resembling a head on which is a broad- 
brimmed hat. J. ovate, serrulated, quite smooth, three-nerved, 
with two spines at their base, one erect, the other hooked. 
Branchlets pubescent. h. 8ft. Mediterranean region, 1596. 
P. Aubletia (Aublet's). „. nish-yellow, in axillary corymbs. 
July and August. 1, obilia y cordate or elliptical, three-nerved, 
shining, serrulated, with two thorns at the base of each, one 
erect, the other recurved. Branches smooth. A. 10ft. South 
China, 1819. Syn. P. virgatus (B. M. 2535). 
P. virgatus (twiggy). A synonym of P. Aubletia. 
PALLASIA (of Linneus the youn, 
ger). 
of Calligonum (which see). 
4 PALLASIA (of Houttuyn). A synonym of Caloden- 
ron. 
PALLAVIA. A synonym of Pisonia (which see). 
PALLAVICINIA. A synonym of Cyphomandra. 
PALLENIS (from palea, chaff; in allusion to the 
chaffy receptacle). Syns. Asteriscus, Athalmus. ORD. 
een Hs monotypic genus. The species is a soft, 
sub-silky, villous, hardy, annual herb. For culture, see 
Buphthalmum. : i 
P. spinosa (spiny). ff. heads yellow, medi rather large, 
solitary at the tips of the 1 ; A en UE E or slightly 
lose; involucre hemispherical ; receptacle slightly convex. 
uly. Z. obovate- or oblong-lanceolate, alternate, entire; floral 
A synonym 
