36 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Pavia—continued. 
tomentose beneath. h. 3ft. to 9ft. North America, 1820, Shrub, 
with stoloniferous roots. SYNS. P. macrostachya, Asculus 
macrostachya (B. M. 2118), Æ. parviflora. 
P. californica (Californian).* jl. white or pale rose, highly fra- 
grant, covering the dense head of the tree; stamens five to 
seven; anthers orange - coloured. May. l, leaflets smooth, 
oblong-lanceolate, acute, obtuse at base, serrulate, with slender 
petiolules, California. A very handsome species; u ya 
shrub, 12ft. to 15ft., sometimes a tree, 40ft. high, with a dense 
head, much more in diameter. See Fig. 39. 
P. discolor (discoloured), A synonym of P. flava purpurascens. 
P. flava (yellow).* Sweet Buckeye. fl. pale yellow; stamens 
included within the four-petaled corolla. May. J. on pubescent 
tioles, which are rather flat above; leaflets five or seven, 
elliptic-oblong, acute at both ends, pubescent beneath and on the 
nerves above. h. 20ft. North America, 1764. large tree or 
shrub. (B. R.1009, under name of Alsculus neglecta.) 
P. f. purpurascens (purplish). , tinged with red or purple. 
Syns. F. discolor, P. hybrida. (B. R. 310, under name of 
AÆsculus discolor.) 
P. hybrida (hybrid). A synonym of P. flava purpurascens. 
P. macrostachya (large-spiked). A synonym of P. alba. 
Fig. 40. FLOWERING BRANCH OF PAVIA RUBRA. 
P. rubra (red). Red Buckeye. fl. bright red, disposed in an 
oblong panicle ; stamens shorter than the corolla. May. l, leaf- 
lets five, elliptic-oblong, acute at both ends, and, as well as the 
pas, glabrous, slightly pilose in the axils of the nerves 
beneath, h. 10ft. North America, 1711. Shrub or small tree. 
Syn. Æsculus Pavia. See Fig. 40. (B. R. 993; W. D. B. 120, 
1643.) Of this, there are three varieties: humilis, 6ft. high; 
—, with pendulous branches; and laciniata, with deeply 
cut leaves. 
PAVONIA (named after Don Jose Pavon, a Spanish 
traveller in Peru, one of the authors of “ Flora Peruviana 
et Chilensis”; he died in 1844). Including Lebretonia 
and Lopimia. ORD. Malvacee. A genus comprising up- 
wards of sixty species of tomentose, hispid, or glabrescent, 
stove herbs or shrubs. Ten or eleven are natives of Africa, 
tropical Asia, or the Pacific Islands; the rest are all 
indigenous to South America or the warmer parts of 
North America, one of the South American species being 
also found in Australia. Flowers of various colours, 
pedunculate or in congested heads at the apices of the 
branches ; calyx five-fid or five-toothed; petals spreading 
or convolute-connivent. Leaves often angular or lobed. 
Few of the species have any horticultural value. They 
thrive in any light, rich soil. Cuttings will root readily 
| 
Pavonia—continued. 
if inserted in sand, under a glass; increase may also be 
effected by seeds. All the under-mentioned species are 
shrubs. 
P. maoo piyin (soft-leaved). jl. scarlet, axillary, solitary or 
crowded at the tips of the branches; corolla flat. February. 
l. orbicular, cordate, coarsely toothed. h. 4ft. New Grenada, 
1823. (B. M. 4365, under name of Lopimi lacophylia.) 
P. multiflora (many-flowered).* fi. solitary in the upper axils, 
and forming a short, terminal corymb ; bracteoles red, hairy, 
numerous below the flower, whorled, longer and narrower than 
the purplish calyx segments; petals dull purple, lin. to ljin. long, 
rolled together, narrowly obovate-oblong. September. J. alter- 
nate, Ein. to 10in. long, 14in. to 2in. broad, narrowly oblong, 
or obovate-lanceolate, long-acuminate, serrulate or denticulate ; 
petioles lin. to Sin. long. Brazil. A robust plant. (B. M. 6398.) 
P. Schrankii (Schrank's). fl. on solitary, axillary peduncles; 
lla orange - coloured, yellow at base, above 1łin. long, 2in 
across; petals imbricated and convolute. July. J. scattered, 
es ie 34in. long, l4in. broad, ovate, sub-cordate at base, 
acuminate. Branches erect. h. 2ft. Brazil, 1825. (B. M. 3692.) 
Syn. Lebretonia coccinea, $ 
P. Spinifex (prickly-fruited). fl. yellow; pedicels axillary, one- 
flowered. 5 ease l. ovate, acuminate, almost Cocdate, 
doubly toothed. Warm parts of America, 1778. (B. R. 339.) 
P. Makoyana and P. Wiott (B. H., 1875, vii.) are species of 
Goethea. 8 € ) o 
PAVONIA (of Ruiz and Pavon). 
Laurelia (which see). 
PAXTONIA. Included under Spathoglottis (which 
see). 
PEA. A common name for various members of the 
Papilionacee family. 
PEA (Pisum sativum). A hardy annual, one of the 
most valuable and best known of leguminous plants, and 
one which has been in cultivation from remote antiquity. 
Its origin is unknown; probably, however, the early 
home of the species was Western Asia. It is sup- 
posed to have been introduced into this country from 
the South of Europe, about the time of Henry VIII. 
The uses to which the seeds are put, as an article of 
food, both in a young, green state, and after being matured 
and dried, are familiar to everyone. Used in either 
way, they are very nutritious. Dried Peas, in days long 
past, formed a more important article of food than at 
the present time, especially amongst the working classes. 
They have been replaced very considerably by Potatoes 
since the cultivation of that vegetable has become so 
generally adopted. It is to the production and supply 
of green Peas that cultivators now more particularly 
devote their attention, and a continued succession of 
crops becomes necessary in order to maintain an un- 
broken supply. Green Peas, very early in the season, 
are justly considered a great delicacy, and gardeners vie 
with each other in using every means in their power 
to supply a dish as early as possible. To this end, it is 
important that only suitable early varieties be grown, 
and that they should receive more than ordinary atten- 
tion in spring, and until their produce is fit to gather. 
Mid-season and late varieties bear longer in succession 
than early ones, and various heights also make consider- 
able difference respecting the time taken in perfecting 
their crops, 
CuLTIVATION. The Pea crop is best provided for by 
a rich, loamy soil, amongst which plenty of calcareous 
matter, such as lime, chalk, &c., should be incorporated. 
It should be of a good depth, in order that the roots 
may penetrate for a supply of moisture, should the surface 
become dry, This is of great importance in summer, as 
then the plants require plenty of moisture, and if the 
supply is insufficient, mildew invariably attacks the leaves, 
and the pods rarely fill satisfactorily. Manure is best 
suited for Peas when applied to a previous crop; should 
ground of such a description be unavailable, or the posi- 
A synonym of 
tion unsuitable, it would be best to thoroughly trench, 
and add horse, or ordinary farmyard, manure at about lft. 
