AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 
89 
Phacelia— continued. 
toothed. Stem erect, lft. high, branched. California, 1834. 
Plant glandular, pilose, viscous. See Fig, 100. (B. M. 3572, under 
name of Eutoca viscosa; B. R. 1808 and S. B. F. G. ser. ii. 368, 
under name of E. viscida.) 5 
P. Whitlavia (Whitlavia).* A. large, in terminal, many-tlowered 
racemes ; calyx deeply cut to the base ; corolla rich blue, with an 
ample tube and a nearly equal limb of five spreading lobes. June. 
l. alternate, nearly deltoid or ovate-deltoid, coarsely and doubly 
serrated, ae r E 8 generally longer than the 
leaves. n. 2ft. California, 1854. (B. M. 4813. 
PHAEDON BETULE (Mustard Beetle). This 
beetle is about zin. long, oval, of a glossy violet or brilliant 
blue, sometimes greenish; the head and thorax are 
minutely punctate ; wing-cases punctate - striate ; lower 
surfaces of body, legs, and antenne black. The eggs 
are laid on the backs of the leaves. The larve are 
flattened. The body is broadest about the fifth seg- 
ment, and tapers slightly to each end. It is of a smoky- 
yellow colour, spotted with black; the head is black. 
Each segment is prolonged at the sides into a conical pro- 
tuberance. There are a few scattered hairs on the body. 
The insects are believed to pupate in the soil. There 
are two broods in the year, and the beetles that emerge 
in autumn hybernate. In “ Farm Insects,” p. 104, Mr. 
Curtis attributes to this species damage done to Turnips; 
and, in 1881, Mr. Fryer drew attention to it as destruc-- 
tive to Mustard and Cabbages. In Ormerod’s “ Report” 
for 1882, pp. 74-76, there is an account of the ravages 
of these insects in the Fen District of England, especially 
around Whittlesea, where the beetles prove so destruc- 
tive to cultivated Mustards, Cress, Rape, and Cole, “ that, 
in six or seven days, they will completely destroy a field 
of twelve acres, and leave nothing but the bare stalks.” 
To garden produce of the same sort, they are also very 
hurtful. They are common in most parts of Britain, 
frequenting plants of various kinds in damp places; and, 
possibly, it will be found that they are dangerous to 
farm and garden produce only in damp districts, like 
the Fens in England. 
Remedies. Burning stubble, and rubbish of all kinds, 
is one means of destroying many of the beetles in 
their winter retreats. A change of crop for a year 
or two is recommended, with a view of starving out the 
insects ; but, since they are common on Brooklime, Bitter- 
cress, and other plants inhabiting damp localities, this 
method can hardly be fully successful, except under special 
conditions. Probably, dressings such as have been found 
useful in attacks of a similar kind by other insects on 
Turnips, Ko., would be found useful, e.g., gas lime, soot, 
or sulphur, scattered alone or mixed, while the dew is 
on the plants, or after a shower. Probably, hand-picking 
would suffice to protect garden produce from serious 
injury. Anything that promotes vigorous, healthy growth 
is of much value in enabling the plants to resist injury 
from tie attacks of the larvw. 
PHZEDRANASSA (from phaidros, gay, and anassa, 
a queen; alluding to the beauty of the flowers). Queen 
Lily. Including Leperiza (in part). ORD. Amaryllidee. 
A genus comprising about six species of stove, green- 
house, or half-hardy bulbous plants, natives of the Andes 
of South America. Flowers showy, umbellate, reflexed ; 
perianth greenish-red or two-coloured, narrow funnel- 
shaped or nearly cylindrical, the lobes long, narrow, and 
connivent, shortly spreading at the apex; involucral 
bracts two, or rarely three, narrow-linear; scape fistular. 
Leaves petiolate, narrow or rather broadly oblong. The 
species thrive best in a strong, yellow loam; when under 
greenhouse treatment, they should be kept comparatively 
during the winter months. The most suitable situa- 
tion for them in the open air is under a south wall. 
we sane by offsets. — 
5 iol’s).* fl. bright red, ti with green, six 
Seen cease et 
0 a — st 
1868. Stove. (Ref. B. 3 
Vol. III. 
Phedranassa - continued. 
P. cea (greenish-yellow). urplish-rose, ti with 
preen wards of Zin. long, with PD ar, limb e lift. 
TU, 
with more obtuse segments. 
Greenhouse. (B. R. 1845, 17.) P.-obtusa is a form 
P. eucrosioides (Eucrosia-like).* fl. drooping, about lin. long, 
with a green tube and red ents ; umbel three or four. 
flowered ; scape terete, 12in. to 15in. jong l. one or two, petioled, 
oblong, acute developing after the flowers. Ecuador, 1878, 
Stove. SYN. eucrosioides. 
P. Lehmanni (Lehmann’s).* fl. scarlet, nodding, three in a pedun- 
culate umbel ; perianth tubular, lin. long, with shortly 
tips ; stamens much exse solitary, stalked, elliptic-lanceo- 
late, acute, dark green above, glaucous beneath. Columbia, 1884. 
Stove. (R. G. 1138.) 
P. obtusa (blunt). A form of P. chloracea. 
P. rubro-viridis (red and green).* fl., perianth 14 in. long; seg- 
ments pale on the borders, keeled with green in the u 
quarter, the rest with bright red; pedicels and spathe }in. to An. 
long; scape slender, bearing a few-flowered umbel. A 
l. bright green, rather fleshy, acuminate, 1ft. or more long, three 
to four lines broad. Andes. Greenhouse. The correct name of 
this plant is Eustephia coccinea, 
P. schizantha (cut-flowered). f. contemporary with the leaves; 
perianth tube green, very short; segments bright red, shading off 
to salmon-colour at the tips, connivent, nearly Iiin. long. 
October. Pasto, Columbia, 1800. Stove or greenhouse. 
P. viridiflora (green-flowered). fl. greenish-yellow, 3 
narrow. funnel-shaped, about four in an umbel ; scape terete, 
long. l. lanceolate, under 1ft. long, about lłin. broad, bright 
green. 1877. Greenhouse, 
PHZENOCODON. A synonym of Lapageria 
(which see). 
PHÆNOCOMA (from phaino, to shine, and kome, hair; 
referring to the colour and nature of the involucre). ORD. 
Composite. A monotypic genus. The species is a hand- 
some, small, hard-wooded, evergreen shrub, separated from 
the genus Helichrysum by the central florets of the head 
being males only, and not hermaphrodite. It has a 
peculiar and interesting hoary appearance at all seasons 
of the year. The plant commences to blossom when in a 
small state, and remains in full beauty for nearly three 
months. It thrives best in good, brown, fibrous peat and 
coarse silver sand; proper drainage and watering are 
important elements in ifs culture. The best position for 
‘this plant in the greenhouse is one as near to the glass 
as possible; and, during summer and autumn, it may bo 
kept in a cold pit, where plenty of air can be admitted 
‘on all fine days. Repotting may be done when the plants 
start into active growth during spring. Propagation is 
effected by cuttings of the young side shoots, getting firm 
at the base, inserted in sand over peat, in a very gentle 
heat. 
. prolifera (proliferous).“ fl. heads crimson, terminal, large, 
ee itary ; rie st of many rows of scales, the outer of which 
are short and appressed, uod the e long, 3 shiny, 
d of a handsome rose-purple colour. Summer. 
— small, scale-like, imbricated. A. 4ft. Cape of Good Hope, 
1789. A variety known as Barnesti has its heads of a 
crimson colour. SYNS. Elichryswm proliferum (B. M. š 
B. R. 21), Xeranthemum proliferum (A. B. R. 374). ; 
PHÆNOGAMOUS. A term applied to such plants 
as are visibly furnished with sexual organs. 
PHENOGAMS. One of the two sub-kingdoms into 
which plants are divided. Phænogams, or Phanerogams, 
include all those plants which are provided with stamens, 
and ovules which, after fertilisation, become seeds con- 
taining an embryo. The two classes into which Phæno- 
_ gams are divided are: Dicotyledons, or Exogens, and Mono- 
cotyledons, or Endogens. Each of these classes is again 
a aided into groups, and these again into natural 
orders. 
PHZENOPODA. A synonym of Podotheca (which 
see). 
It may be 
N 
