126 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Pileus—continued. 
species; e.g, in Marasmius oreades (see Fig. 149) and 
Hydnum repandum (see Fig. 150). It is usually 
fixed by the middle of its lower surface, as in all the 
examples quoted, to the stop of a stalk; but in a good 
many Fungi that possess a Pileus, the stalk is fixed to 
one side (e.g., in many species of Polyporus), and others 
want it altogether. The upper surface of the Pileus is 
usually covered with a skin or coat, which in many 
Fic. 150. HyDNUM REPANDUM, showing Irregular Flattish Pileus. 
species is slimy, but in some is scaly, in others hairy, 
&c. The Pileus bears generally, on its lower surface, 
the spore-producing surface, or hymenium — in some 
genera, in the form of gills; in others, like tubes or 
fleshy teeth (see Mushrooms). The Pileus and stalk 
together form the hymenophore. 
PILEWORT. Se Ranunculus Ficaria. 
PILI. Hairs. 
PILIFEROUS. Tipped with, or bearing, hairs. 
PILLWORT. See Pilularia. 
PILOCARPUS from pilos, a cap, and karpos, a 
fruit; referring to the shape of the berries). ORD. 
Rutacew. A genus comprising about five species of 
stove shrubs, natives of tropical America and the West 
Indies. Flowers green or purple, gland-dotted; calyx 
short, almost entire, or four or five-toothed; petals four 
or five, triangular; racemes or spikes simple, terminal 
or axillary. Leaves petiolate, opposite or alternate, or 
ternately whorled, one to three-foliolate or impari-pin- 
nate, coriaceous or membranous, entire, pellucid-dotted. 
For culture, see Chloroxylon. 
r tifolius (feather-leaved). fl. purple, in crowded racemes, 
18in. long; petals thick, lanceolate. . alternate, impari-pinnate ; 
leaflets two or three jugate, elliptic = oblanceolate, the margins 
obsoletely 1 Uucid-dotted. 6ft. Brazil. (B. M. PI. 
48; I. J. F. iii 253) Th This is one of ane plants which furnishes 
the Jaborandi a commerce, an energetic diaphoretic and sialo- 
gogue. 
PILOCEREUS (from pilos, wool, and Cereus; re- 
ferring to the long hairs upon the spine-cushions). 
produce flowers in spion 
Pilocereus—continued. 
ORD. Cactee. A small genus of greenhouse succulents, 
now included, by Bentham and Hooker, under Cereus; 
the principal differences consist in the flower-bearing 
Fic. 151. PILOCEREUS BRUNNOWII. 
portion of the plant being unlike the rest, 
usually forming a dense, woolly head at the 
summit of the stem, and having more numerous, 
longer and thinner, often hair-like spines, and 
the flowers themselves being smaller, and having 
fewer divisions, with the stamens attached to 
the whole surface of the tube. The species very rarely 
For culture, see Cactus. 
FIG. 152 PILOCEREUS DAUTWITZIL 
