OF HORTICULTURE. 
AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA 
Pinguicula—continued. 
P, orchidoides (Orchis-like). H., corolla violet. purple, nearly 1}in, 
long, somewhat five-parted, with a very short, constricted tube, 
and oblong-obovate, sub-equal lobes. October. J. spathulate- 
rotundate, ljin. to l}in. long, lin. broad, thick, EY above. 
h. Sin, to 4in. Mexico, 1845. Greenhouse. (B. M. 4231.) This is 
probably simply a form or condition of P. caudata. 
P. vallisnerizfolia (Vallisneria-leaved). f. soft purple or lilac- 
purple, with conspicuous, white or pale centres, large. Summer. 
J. pale yellowish-green, linear, in dense tufts, and undulated at 
ue ——— Mountains of Spain. Half-hardy. (Gn., April, 
P. vulgaris (common). Bog Violet; Butter-root. ff. violet; 
corolla with the lower lip much longer and broader than the 
upper; segments broad or obtuse; scapes several, din. to in. 
long, purplish. May to July. J. lin. to 3in. long, appressed to 
the ground, oblong, obtuse, succulent, with incurved margins; 
petioles broad, very short. Europe (Britain), &c. See Fig. 158. 
(Sy. En. B. 1121.) 
PINK. The typical species of Dianthus, from which 
the garden Pinks are supposed to have descended, is 
D. plumarius, a native of Eastern Europe, which has 
become naturalised in some parts of Britain. Since it 
was introduced to cultivation in this country, about the 
year 1629, numerous varieties and forms have been pro- 
duced ; but most of the improvement, from a florist’s point 
of view, has been made during the present century. The 
common white Pink is a well-known occupant of almost 
all gardens; yet its flowers are so pure and sweet-scented 
that they are always welcomed. For cutting, all the 
varieties of garden Pinks are invaluable; they are also 
amongst the most popular and easily-grown of border 
plants. HESS 
Pinks may be propagated by seeds, by layers, or by 
cuttings; the latter are usually termed pipings. Seeds and 
layers are treated in precisely the same way as those of 
the Carnation (which see). Pipings usually answer best 
for the propagation of Pinks; they are produced in 
quantity round the base of old plants, and should be 
taken soon after the flowering season is past, and in- 
serted, about lin. apart, in very sandy soil, under hand- 
glasses, where they should be kept shaded from sunshine. 
All the preparation necessary is to remove a few of the 
lower leaves, taking care, however, to preserve the 
young buds, and to cut off the end, close to the bottom 
joint, with a sharp knife. The glasses should be kept 
on until roots are formed, when the young plants may 
have air gradually admitted to them, and be afterwards 
placed in a prepared border, in the open air. 
Planting is best performed in September, so that the 
plants may become established and well rooted before 
winter; this is of great importance, as it considerably 
affects their future well-being. It should not be deferred 
later than the end of September. If planted in lines, a 
distance of about 1ft. should be allowed between them, 
and Qin. apart in the lines will afford sufficient: space 
for the first year at least. Pinks succeed well in any 
fairly rich, loamy soil; but when the production of large 
flowers is the chief aim, a bed should be specially pre- 
pared for them. This should be raised above the 
ordinary ground level, and made up with turfy loam, 
leaf mould, and well - decomposed manure. Road 
scrapings, or anything of a similar gritty nature, are of 
great use for intermixing. Prepared beds should be made 
up about August, and be forked over occasionally; they 
should be from 1ft. to 14ft. in depth. When raised 
above the path, an edging of some sort is generally 
necessary for keeping up the soil, preventing water 
from running off, and defining the beds. A top-dressing 
of horse-manure, lin. thick, should be put on during 
March, and lightly forked in. Another top-dressing of 
manure may be given with advantage at the latter end 
of May, and water copiously applied, in the evenings, 
after hot, dry days, in summer. When large flowers 
are required, disbudding must be practised, and side 
growth removed at an early stage, in order to throw 
the strength into the limited number of buds left; when 
Pink—continued. ae 
the flowers are only required for cutting and for border 
decoration, this is unnecessary. 
There is a valuable section of Pinks that are well 
adapted for forcing under glass, to flower before those 
outside. They will not withstand much heat, but may 
be gradually brought on in a cool temperature, and 
where plenty of air is admitted. Pinks for forcing should 
be thoroughly established. Cuttings must be inserted in 
pots, so soon as any are procurable, in spring, and 
placed in a gentle bottom heat. The young plants thus 
obtained may be grown on, under glass for a time, and 
then in a prepared bed all summer; they should be care- 
fully lifted, and placed in pots, early in autumn, and 
wintered near the glass, in a cold frame. 
Varieties. These may be divided into two classes, 
Show or Laced kinds and Border Pinks; nearly all of 
the latter are adapted for forcing, and are invaluable | 
for ordinary decoration in outside beds. The following 
is a selection from the best varieties: 
tre ; la free-flowering. A E aot Beaks pinks oak 
centre ; large, very W. . ASCOT, soft, y-pink, 
Paid carmine centre ; dwarf, extra fine and 
-colour, dark blotch at the base of each petal. 
d. DERBY DAY, deep pink, 
5 FIMBRIATA MAJOR, 
form of the old white variety, 
large, smooth, full flowers; free 
centre dark velvety-maroon ; 
ink, laced with maroon, fri 
habit dwarf, sturdy, and very hardy 
WELSH, white, shaded yellow, edges slightly fringed ; vigorous 
grower. 1 rich ay dark 4 . LRIG 
PARK, pearl-white, edged , centre 
beautiful single variety. - ROBUSTA, 
fragrant; vigorous habit. ROSEA 
RUBENS, 
white, very large; free-fiowering and late. ToM WELSH, peach, 
5 
ve) 
rose centre, 
flowers ; dwarf and free habit. SNOWDON, pure 
laced deep crimson, 
or Laced Pinks. ATTRACTION, fine deep 
form. BEAUTY OF BATH, beautiful rose-lake. 
(Turner), red, broad lacing; extra fine. BoiaRD (Turner), 
broad, smooth petals, beautifully laced bright red; extra fine. 
CLARA (Maclean), red, full size; very constant. CRITERION, 
light rose; neat. EMERALD, red lace, e and full; fine 
form. ENSIGN (Fellowes), broad red lace. ALOPIN (Turner), 
rosy-red lace ; large and fine. GODFREY (Turner), bed reddish- 
urple ; extra fine. HARRY HOOPER (Hooper), reddish- 
ight lace ; a SARE — 9 „ 8 
white, plum. purple lacing; very large and constan ISSICA 
(Turner), * large, full flower. JOHN BALL (Maclean), dark 
plum-purple ; extra fine. LADY CRAVEN (Hooper), fine red, very 
rich. MALCOLM DUNN, pure white, laced maroon; 
full flower. MR. HOBBS (Looker), rosy-purple. DR. 
GRAY (Dicksons and Co.), pure white, narrow maroon 
neat and smooth ; extra. MRS. JAMES GALLOWAY (Dicksons an 
Co.), pure white, very narrow peach ; one of the most 
delicately-marked varieties. MRS. WAITE (Turner), red; 
medium size. RELIANCE (Hooper), red lace, large 
SHIRLEY HIBBERD (Turner), rosy-purple; large, full, and fine. 
VOLUNTEER, rich rosy-purple. WILLIAM PAUL (Paul), clear rose 
lace, large, full flower; extra fine. 
PINKNEA. A synonym of Pinckneya (which see). 
PINENEYA. A synonym of Pinckneya (which 
see). 
PINK OF MY JOHN. 
A common name for Viola 
tricolor (which see). 
PINNA. One of the 
primary divisions or leaflets 
of a pinnate leaf. 
PINNATE. When leaf- 
lets are arranged along each 
side of a common petiole. 
A Pinnate leaf of Jasmine is shown at Fig. 159. 
ruby; good 
BERTRAM 
Fic. 159. PINNATE (SIMPLE) 
LEAF OF JASMINE. 
