— 
` the reproduction of plants by means of buds, 
AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 225 
PROBOSCIDEUS. Trumpet-like; proboscis-like. 
PROCERUS. Very tall. 
PROCESS. A term applied to any projecting ap- 
pendage, whether natural or monstrous. 
PROCESSION _— See Polygala vul- 
garis. 
PROCKIA — commemorative, but derivation 
of name not given by nomenclator). Syns. Kellettia, 
Tinea, Trilie, ORD. Tiliacee. A genus comprising only 
two or three species (which are, perhaps, all varieties of 
the one described below) of stove shrubs, natives of 
tropical America. Sepals three or four, valvate, per- 
sistent; petals sepaloid and persistent, sometimes absent ; 
pedicels fasciculate or shortly racemose, terminal. Leaves 
ovate, serrated, many-nerved at base. P. crucis thrives 
in a compost of sandy loam and leaf mould. Propagated 
by cuttings of half-ripened shoots, inserted in sand, under 
a glass. 
P. crucis (Santa Cruz). fl. yellow, very fragrant; corymbs — 
flowered, terminal. July. l. ovate or cordate, acuminated, 
rated, with the point entire, membranous, h. bft. West ban 
&e., 1823. (B. R. 972; L. B. C. 1933.) 
PROCLESIA (a name commemorative of. Pam 
King of Sparta). The correct name of this genus, 
according to the authors of the “Genera Plantarum,” 
is Cavendishia. Syn. Polybea. Orv. Vacciniaceer. A 
genus comprising about thirty species of handsome, stove, 
glabrous, evergreen shrubs or small trees, inhabiting the 
mountains of tropical America. Fiowers red, scarlet, 
white, or flesh-colour, showy, racemose or sub-umbellate, 
axillary and terminal, pedicellate; calyx tube hemi- 
spherical or shortly campantlate, the limb short, dilated, 
five-lobed or five-toothed; corolla tubular, five-toothed, 
the teeth valvate ; — ten. Leaves alternate, per- 
sistent, coriaceous, shortly petiolate, entire. The two 
best-known species are here. described. Both are 
shrubs. For culture, see Thibaudia. 
P. in * in short co 
when in bud, by large, 8 sane — calla bright red, with 
green tips and lobes, 2in. lo: November. J. sub-distichous, on 
very short, stout petioles, -to 3in. long, ovate or oblong- 
lanceolate, rounded at base, with long-acuminate or caudate 
points. Branches pendulous, s slight] eee, or pubescent, 
Andes of Columbia and Ecuador,- Syn. Thibaudia acu- 
minata (B. M. 5752) The correct name of this plant is 
— acuminata, ` 
P. cordifolia (heart-shape-leaved). A. corolla — red, white 
at the mouth, tubular-ventricose, nearly 
racemes 
_ reduced to a crowded head. December. 1. lin, T Zin. long, 
ovate-oblong, obtuse, quite entire, cordate at base ; ioles very 
short, pubescent. Branches terete, pubescent. w Grenada 
and Ecuador, 1865. SYN. Thibaudia cordifolia (B. "M. 5559), 
The correct name of this plant is Cavendishia cordifolia 
PROCUMBENT. Lying flat upon the — 
PROFEREA. Included under Nephrodium. 
PROIPHYS. A synonym of Eurycles. 
PROLIFEROUS. See Prolification. 
PROLIFICATION (from proles, offspring, and 
facio, I make). A term denoting, in its widest sense. 
as opposed 
to reproduction by means of seeds. It is accordingly 
employed to denote the formation in many plants, e.g., 
the Houseleek (Sempervivum tectorum), of offsets or 
stolons, of which thet terminal bud becomes a new plant, 
and the connection with the parent is severed. It is 
also employed in cases where buds are formed along the 
edges of leaves, either on uninjured ones (e.g., Bryo- 
phyllum and Malazis), or in those that have been — 
injured or cut, as in propagating Begonias from the 
leaves. 
The word is, however, frequently restricted to denote 
a sak ona a GOL O i wie 
Prolification—continued. 
naturally occur. If Prolification affects the inflorescence, 
it consists in the formation of leaf-buds, or of an un- 
usual number of flower-buds. It is often well seen in 
such plants as Clovers and Plantains, in which the flowers 
are arranged naturally in a close head or spike, The 
Fig. 289. HEN-AND-CHICKENS DAISY, — Prolification of the 
_ Inflorescence, ; 
— and-Chickens Daisy (see Fig. 289), in which the 
flower-head bears a number of smaller ones around it. 
a well-known example of Prolification of the ——— ee 3 
When a single flower is affected, the flower-stalk may — 
be prolonged through and beyond the flower, and may — 
bear leaves or a flower-bud on ite This form of Proli- 
fication, known as “median,” is occasionally seen in many 
plants, e Go the Rose. It is peculiarly frequent in double 
flowers, i.e., flowers in which the stamens have been 
replaced by petals. Occasionally, the prolonged flower- - 
stalk bears several leaf-buds or flower-buds. Another 
form of Prolification, called “axillary,” consists in the 
growth of leaf-buds, or of flower-buds, from the axils of 
one or more of the parts of a flower. In this form, as 
in the last, the buds’ may develop into branches bear- © 
ing several flowers. Such buds are most frequently 
situated in the axils of sepals. Next in frequency are 
those in the axils of leaf-like carpels; less often they 
are associated with petals; and least common is their T 
occurrence in the axils of stamens. Prolifica- · 
tion is far more frequent in plants in which all parts 
of the flowers are free, than in those in which they are © 
united; and the flowers most liable to it generally have — 
the top of the flower-stalk, or receptacle, naturally pro- 
longed between the whorls of the flower, or possessed of 
a glandular disk, or are otherwise peculiar in structure. 
Those desirous of further information on this subject will 
find it fully discussed in Dr. Masters’ “ Vegetable Tera- 
tology,” published, in 1869, by the Ray Society. 5 
PROMENÆA. Included under Epa 
PRONAYA (named in honour of tek. Pronay, a 
Hungarian naturalist, who died in 1808). Syns. Campy- 
lanthera, Spiranthrea (of Hooker). Orp. Pittosporew. 
According to Bentham, in his “ Flora Australiensis,” this 
genus is monotypie. The species, P. elegans, is an elegant, 
greenhouse twiner, succeeding in-sandy peat. Propagation 
is effected by cuttings, made of young shooots, and in- 
serted in sand, under a glass. 
P. —— — =. bluish or white, in a dense, 
` (which see). 
terminal 
sessile amongst the last leaves. August. l., lower ones 
often coarsely toothed or a sg the others sessile or nearly so, 
—— or linear-lanceolate, lin. — P Se — rather 
Sm: margins recurved. A 1 B xii, %2 i 
Ns. Campylanthera Fraseri, ; y 
PRONE. — flat, —— “ie — downwards. 
26 
