AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
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OF HORTICULTURE. 285 
Retinia—continued. 
2. Fore wings with brown-grey or black markings. ` 
(a) Fore wings pale grey, with numerous 
dark markings, and a b patch 
bordered by a rather sharply-angled 
line ; spread of wings, eight and a 
half to ten and a half lines 
(b) Fore wings dark blackish-grey, with 
numerous irregular, silvery cross- 
streaks, most distinct along the 
hind margin, and white spots along 
the front margin ; spread of wings, 
nine to eleven lines ...............- 
oceultana. — 
resinana. 
3. Fore wings bright reddish-orange. 
(a) Fore wings paler along inner, and near 
front, margins, with several indis- 
tinct, silvery cross-lines beyond the 
middle of wing ; spread of wings, ten 
to eleven lines. 
(b) Fore wings with basal patch well 
defined, and bordered by a yellow, 
silvery cross-line; beyond the middle 
are several very distinct, yellowish- 
silvery, irregular  cross-streaks ; 
spread of wings, nine to ten lines .. 
Buoliana. 
pinicolana. 
These species are almost all considerably more common 
in Scotland than in England, though most of them may 
be met with wherever the food-plants grow. All reach 
the perfect stage some time between June and August. 
The females lay their eggs on the young buds and 
twigs. The larve hatched from these eggs gnaw their 
way into the buds and leading shoots, and bore into the 
pith, there to remain usually all winter, since they are 
still feeding in the following spring. They are of 
the usual form of the larve of Tortricide, with rather 
cylindrical, naked bodies and dark, horny heads and 
shields on segments just behind the heads. They have 
six true legs and ten prolegs, or claspers. ' 5 
Almost any one of the species would deserve the name 
of Pine-bud Moth; but the name has been given to the 
species R. turionana. 
The result of an attack on Firs by these larvæ is 
that the leading shoots may be hollowed out, even in 
the bud state, or they become bent, brown, and brittle; 
and the trees become distorted, because of the loss of 
these shoots, and the ill-development of the shoots that 
have taken their place in the course of growth. In 
general, there is a considerable outflow of resin from 
the wounds made by the larvæ; and this resin hardens 
on the surface and forms a protection during winter to 
the larvæ. R. turionana is hurtful especially to the 
buds. R. Buoliana and the others are more dan- 
gerous to the newly-formed shoots. R. resinana is called 
the Resin-gall Moth, because of the fact that the 
larva produces a false gall of resin, by exudation of — 
resin over the place where it is boring into the wood. 
It is not unlike a half walnut in form, and may even 
reach nearly or quite to this size; but it is dirty-white 
in colour, and remains soft while it is occupied. The 
larve are said to pass two winters before they become 
. pupæ, which they do in spring, and the moths emerge 
in June. . ` 
Remedies. Owing to the larvæ living entirely under 
cover, no external applications are of the least use: the 
only method found at all successful has been the re- 
moval and burning of all shoots that show signs of 
attack by any of the species of Retinia. 
RETINIPHYLLUM (from retine, resin, and phyllon, 
a leaf; the leaves are covered with resin). Syn. Com- 
mianthus. ORD. Rubiacee. A genus consisting of half- 
a-dozen species of glabrous, pubescent or pilose, stove 
shrubs, natives of North Brazil and Guiana. Flowers 
white, flesh-colour, or pink, in terminal, simple spikes ; 
calyx limb tubular, truncate, entire, or five-fid; corolla 
hypocrateriform, with five narrow, reflexed lobes; stamens 
five. Berries small, five-stoned, edible. Leaves opposite, 
petiolate, coriaceous, obovate or oblong, often abruptly 
. 
Retiniphyllum—continued. J 
acuminate, with numerous diverging nerves. For cul- 
ture of the only species introduced, see Hamiltonia. — 
R. secundifiorum (side-flowering). fl. white, in clusters of from tyy 
two to four; spikes axillary, pedunculate, side-flowered. July. 
l. obovate, obtuse or emarginate at apex, cuneate at base, 
coriaceous, pubescent beneath. h. 4ft. 
RETINOSPORA. Included under Chamæcyparis 
(which see). 
RETROFLEXED. The same as Reflexed (which 
see). 
RETRORSE. Directed backwards or downwards. 
RETROVERTED. Inverted. 
RETUSE. Terminating in a round end, the centre 
of which is depressed. 
RETZIA (named in honour of Anders Johan Retzius, 
1742-1821, Professor of Natural History in the Uni- 
versity of Lund). ORD. Solanacew. A monotypic genus. 
The species is a greenhouse, evergreen, erect shrub, 
with straight, densely-leafy branches. It will thrive in 
any light soil. Propagation may be readily effected by 
cuttings, inserted in sand, under a bell glass. 
R. capensis (Cape). fl. red or orange, two or three at the nodes 
or in the rots on A fut almost concealed by the leaves ; calyx 
semi-five-fid ; corolla with an elongated tube, and five, rarely six 
or seven, short, induplicate-valvate lobes. May. L whorled, long- 
linear, coriaceous, entire or with revolute ins, silky-pilose j 
when young (and in the axils), A. 4ft. South Africa. 
REVOLUTE. Rolled backwards from the margins 
or apex; e.g., certain tendrils, and the sides and ends of 
some leaves. : 
RHABDOCRINUM. A synonym of Lloydia 
RHACHIS. See Rachis. 
(which see). 
RHACOMA (of Adanson). 
EEE, PAE 
A synonym of Leuzea 
(which see). . 
RHACOMA (of Linnxus). A synonym of Myginda 
(which see). 
RHADINOCARPUS. A synonym of Chetocalyz. 
“RHAGODIA (from rhaz, rhagos, a berry; in refer- 
ence to the characteristic fruit). Australian Red Berry 
or Sea Berry. ORD. Chenopodiacee. A genus com- 
prising thirteen species of slender or robust, mealy or 
slightly tomentose, greenhouse shrubs, rarely herbs, con- 
fined to Australia. Flowers greenish, small or minute, 
clustered or rarely solitary, disposed in interrupted, ter- 
minal spikes or panicles. Fruit a small berry. Leaves 
alternate and sub-opposite, sessile or petiolate, linear, 
ovate, oblong, or cordate, entire or sinuately lobed. 
Five species have been introduced, but it is doubtful 
whether any remain in cultivation. 
RHAMNEZ. A natural order of erect or climbing, 
often prickly, very rarely tendrilled or glandulose trees, 
shrubs, or very rarely herbs, inhabiting warm and tropical 
regions. Flowers green or yellowish, hermaphrodite, 
rarely polygamous, dioecious, small, usually disposed in 
axillary, loose or dense-flowered, sometimes unilateral 
cymes; calyx. tube obconical, turbinate, urceolate, or 
cylindrical, the limb of four or five erect or recurved 
lobes; petals four or five, inserted at the throat of the 
calyx, emarginate or lobed, sessile or clawed, or absent; 
stamens four or five, opposite to, and inserted with, the 
petals; filaments subulate or filiform, rarely dilated; 
anthers versatile, sometimes ovoid, with longitudinal de- 
hiscence, sometimes reniform and one-celled by con- 
fluence of the cells at the top, and opening into two 
valves by an arched slit; disk perigynous, rarely absent. 
Fruit capsular or drupaceous, three, rarely one to four- 
celled. Leaves simple, stipulate, rarely exstipulate, oppo- 
site or nearly so, often coriaceous, entire or serrated (in 
Colletiee often absent); stipules small, usually deciduous, 
